Abstract： To discuss the pollution characteristics of ambient particles in winter in Yulin, Shaanxi, inhalable particulate matter (PM₁₀) and fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) samples were observed simultaneously at three sampling sites in Yulin in November , 2013 . Concentrations of water-soluble irons and carbonaceous components were measured by ion chromatography and thermal-optical reflection. The results show that the average daily mass concentrations of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 at the three sampling sites are 162 and 74 μg/m³ . The order of sampling sites with concentrations of particulate matters from large to small is Huanbao Old Station, Shiyan Middle School , and Huanbao Building. The mass concentrations spatial distribution of organic carbon a nd elemental carbon in PM10 is similar with that of the particulate matters. Concentrations of carbonaceous species in PM_2.5 at Huanbao Old Station and Shiyan Middle School are at the same level, which are higher than those in Huanbao Building. SO₄^2- and Ca²⁺ are the major ions in PM₁₀and PM_2.5. PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 are alkaline in general, and the lost anion is mainly CO₃^2-. Dust is more abundance in comparison with other fractions in PM₁₀. Organic matter is the most abundance compounds in PM_2.5, followed by soil dust, SO₄^2-, chloride, and NO₃^-. Controlling dust and reducing coal emissions should be major measurements to control PM₁₀ and PM_2.5.

Keywords: inhalable particulate matter (PM₁₀); fine particulate matter (PM_2.5); water-soluble ions; organic carbon; elemental carbon

中图分类号：X513        文献标志码：A

文章编号：1008-5548(2015)03-0084-05

DOI:10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2015.03.020

收稿日期：2014-07-09， 修回日期：2014-07-15，在线出版时间：2015-06-24。

基金项目：科技部基础工作专项项目，编号：2013FY112700；中国科学院黄土与第四纪国家重点室开放课题，编号：SKLLQG1213。

第一作者简介：郭瑞英(1971—)，女，硕士，高级工程师，研究方向为大气污染监测。 E-mail: gry20000@163.com。