To protect the rights of readers and maintain the academic quality and reputation of China Powder Science and Technology, the editorial department strictly examines and selects manuscripts during the publication process. Manuscripts identified as having academic misconduct will be rejected and subjected to serious consequences. For these manuscripts, the editorial department and editors will follow the guidelines of COPE (or equivalent guidelines) to handle them.

1. Academic Misconduct Detection

1) The journal adopts the Anti-Plagiarism Literature Comparison (AMLC) system of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) to check all manuscripts. This system compares the manuscripts against the full-text data in the CNKI databases to identify plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, inappropriate authorship, duplicate submissions, and other forms of academic misconduct.

2) Scope of manuscripts to be checked: All submitted manuscripts, and articles reported by readers for suspected misconduct.

3) Identification of manuscripts with academic misconduct: If the manuscript exhibits a similarity rate of over 15%, the editorial department will submit both the manuscript and the comparison papers to reviewers for further assessment, and then a “Report on Similarities Between the Manuscript and Comparison Papers” will be produced.

2. Criteria for Identifying Academic Misconduct

1) Directly or substantially copying the achievements of others without proper attribution.

2) Misrepresenting others' achievements and presenting them as one's own independent work; utilizing protected elements of others' achievements and altering their specific manifestation, while presenting them as one's own independent work.

3) Using others' protected viewpoints as the entire or principal points of one's own paper; or incorporating the protected academic achievements of others as a substantial part of one's own paper.

4) Fabricating or tampering with research findings, survey data, experimental data, or references.

5) Quoting others' protected viewpoints, schemes, data, etc., without annotation or proper citation.

6) Multiple submissions.

3. Handling of Academic Misconduct

1) For manuscripts that are determined to have academic misconduct, the editorial department would promptly notify the authors. Before making the final decision of handling, the editorial department will give the author the opportunity to explain and defend the issue.

2) If the manuscript involving misconduct has been accepted but not yet formally published, the author will be notified that the manuscript has been withdrawn and the acceptance is revoked. The author will also receive a serious warning.

3) If the article has already been formally published, the author will be notified in writing that the article is being retracted, and the author will be required to return the remuneration paid by the journal. If the article has caused reputational or other damage to the journal, we reserve the right to seek further compensation from the author.

4) For authors with severe violations, an announcement will be published in the journal, including the name and affiliation of the author, as well as the retraction notice for the article. The situation will also be reported to the author's institution and other academic journals in the field.

5) For manuscripts with severe plagiarism or multiple submissions, the journal will not accept any submissions from the first author within two years.

4. Author's Appeals

If authors disagree with the determination and handling of academic misconduct concerning their manuscripts, they may submit a written request for re-evaluation within 10 working days upon receiving the notice from the editorial department. Requests made after this period will not be entertained by the journal. The editorial department will invite experts to re-evaluate the manuscript, reach a final decision, and notify the author of the review results within 30 working days.

The above provisions will be effective from the date of publication, and the editorial department of China Powder Science and Technology will be responsible for interpretation.

Editorial Department of China Powder Science and Technology