Abstract： Aiming at the main factors hindering extensive use of foam concrete including being lack of insufficient basic concept of properties of foam concrete and technology research, the microstructure transformation and deterioration mechanism of foam concrete during the processes of mixing-to-initial-setting, hardening and application were summarized. The application range of the theoretical model of microstructure and properties of foam concrete were introduced. The effect of microstructure on properties such as self-weight, heat conduction, mechanical strength and infiltration were proved. The factors influencing microstructure of foam concrete were analyzed from the viewpoint of cementitious materials, aggregates, mineral mixtures， additives, mixing ratio and preparation technology. The mechanism and feasibility of microstructure preparation were discussed. The future research emphasis was pointed to be further improving and exploring preparation conditions and process parameters control of foam concrete on the basis of current research.

Keywords: foam concrete; microstructure; property