摘要：介绍一种地面气溶胶集成观测系统的设计思路和集成方法,采用浊度仪、吸收光度计、粒子计数器、粒径谱仪、碳黑仪等仪器观测气溶胶的散射和吸收特性、黑碳浓度、粒径分布和粒子数浓度等。结果表明,测量吸收特性和粒子数浓度的仪器位于测量散射特性的仪器之后,仪器之间可以互相对比验证;将测量气溶胶吸收特性的仪器和黑碳仪“并联”,可以观测到更多气溶胶特性信息;测量气溶胶粒径分布及粒子数浓度的仪器可以结合使用,也可以单独分开或“并联”综合观测;仪器综合集成观测的前提是保证仪器流量分配正确,切割头流量达到要求的范围,保证切割效率。

关键词：气溶胶；集成观测系统；散射系数；吸收系数；粒径分布

Abstract：The design proposal and integral method of a ground aerosol integrated observation system were introduced.The scattering and absorption characteristics of aerosol,black carbon concentration,particle size distribution,particle number concentration and so on were observed by instruments including nephelometer,absorption photometer,particle counter,particle size spectrometer,aethalometer,etc.The results show that the instruments measuring absorption characteristics and particle number concentration are seated behind that of measuring scattering characteristics.Comparison and verification can be conducted among the instruments.Paralleling the instruments measuring absorption characteristics of aerosol with the black carbon instrument,more characteristic information can be observed.Instruments measuring particle size distribution and number concentration can be used integrated.They can be applied to observe signally or paralleled.The premise of instruments synthetically integrated observation is the guarantee of positive instruments flow distribution.The flow distribution of impactors must reach the demanded range to ensure the cutting efficiency.

Keywords：aerosol;integrated observation system;scattering coefficient;absorption coefficient;particle size distribution