郭中山1,2，袁世威3，孙国刚3，王铁峰1，冯留海4，门卓武4，杨丽坤2，王 峰2
(1.清华大学 化学工程系，北京 100084；2.国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司，宁夏 银川 750411；3.中国石油大学(北京) 机械与储运工程学院，北京 102249；4.北京低碳清洁能源研究院，北京 102209)
DOI:10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2022.04.012
收稿日期： 2022-01-02， 修回日期：2022-06-01，在线出版时间：2022-06-22。
基金项目：国家重点研发计划资助项目，编号：2017YFB0602500；宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划资助项目，编号：2019BFH02016。
第一作者简介：郭中山(1966—)，男，教授级高级工程师，博士，研究方向为多相流反应器的开发和工业应用。E-mail:15010271@chnenergy.com.cn。
通信作者简介：王铁峰(1976—)，男，教授，博士，研究方向为清洁能源化工、非均相催化、多相流反应器和计算流体力学。E-mail:wangtf@tsinghua.edu.cn。门卓武(1968—)，男，教授级高级工程师，博士，研究方向为煤化工及石油加工技术开发和工业应用。E-mail:zhuowu.men@chnenergy.com.cn。
摘要：通过实验与数值模拟方法，研究发生排料堵塞和料腿漏气故障时旋风分离器的压降和内部流场规律；综合分析料腿漏气率与旋风分离器压降之间的关系；依据分离器压降时均值和信号主频特征，确定识别排料堵塞和料腿漏气故障的快速诊断方法。结果表明：排料堵塞使旋风分离器进出口间的压降增加；堵塞位置越高，分离器的压降时均值越大，压降信号的波动和主频数值也逐渐增大；随着料腿漏气率的增大，分离器时均压降稍有下降，压降信号的主频数值基本不变。提出快速诊断和识别分离器故障的方法为：若分离效率恶化伴随时均压降增加、信号主频增大时，可判断为排料堵塞；若伴随着时均压降稍有下降、信号的主频数值基本不变时，则可判断为料腿漏气。
关键词：旋风分离器；排料堵塞；料腿漏气；压降；故障诊断
Abstract：The pressure drop and internal flow field of cyclone separator were studied by experiment and numerical simulation when discharge blockage and dipleg leakage occurred. The relationship between the dipleg leakage rate and pressure drop of cyclone separator was comprehensively analyzed. According to the mean value of the separator pressure drop and the dominant frequency characteristics of the signal, a fast diagnosis method for identifying the discharge blockage and the dipleg leakage fault was determined. The results show that the discharge blockage increases the pressure drop between inlet and outlet of cyclone separator. The higher the blockage position is, the greater the mean value of pressure drop of the separator is, and the fluctuation and dominant frequency value of pressure drop signal also increase gradually. With the increasing of the dipleg leakage rate, the average pressure drop during the separator decreases slightly, and the dominant frequency value of the pressure drop signal is basically unchanged. It is put up that the method for rapid diagnosis and identification of separator faults is as follows that if the deterioration of separation efficiency is accompanied by the increase of mean pressure drop and signal frequency, the discharge blockage can be judged. If the time average pressure drop drops slightly and the dominant frequency value of the signal is basically unchanged, it can be judged as dipleg leakage.
Keywords：cyclone separator; discharge blockage; dipleg leakage; pressure drop; fault diagnosis
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