姚秀颖1，徐 博1,2，卢春喜1，刘梦溪1
(1. 中国石油大学(北京) 重质油国家重点实验室，北京 102249；2. 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司,四川 自贡 643001)
DOI:10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2022.04.001
收稿日期： 2021-12-28， 修回日期：2022-04-26，在线出版时间：2022-05-13。
基金项目：国家自然科学基金委创新群体项目，编号：22021004；国家自然科学基金项目，编号：91834303。
第一作者简介：姚秀颖(1985—)，女，讲师，博士，硕士生导师，研究方向为多相流传递与反应。E-mail：xyyao2014@126.com。
通信作者简介：卢春喜(1962—)，男，教授，博士，博士生导师，研究方向为石油化工装备。E-mail：lcx725@sina.com。
摘要：针对倾斜热管间壁式换热器湍流床一侧，进行几何建模和网格划分，采用双流体模型耦合能量最小多尺度(energy minimization multi-scale, EMMS)曳力模型进行模型验证，研究颗粒轴向速度的轴、径向分布和热管表面的颗粒速度分布，分析热管表面的换热性能。结果表明：热管可抑制湍流床内气泡的上升运动，增大热管区下侧的颗粒平均速度；气泡在换热器内沿S形路线向上绕过热管运动，即在热管所在高度，气泡由热管自由端向上运动，在热管之间区域，由床中心向上运动；热管自由端的下表面和约束端的上表面为倾斜热管的特征换热区，颗粒贴壁向上运动，倾斜布置的热管能够强化颗粒的更新速度，促进热量传递；提出以颗粒流速来分析热管表面的传热性能，高效换热区的无因次半径值为-0.8～-0.3;换热性能随表观气速先增强后恒定，转折点对应的气速为0.7 m/s。随轴向高度先减小后增大，最下部热管换热性能最佳。
关键词：倾斜热管;换热器;湍流床;颗粒流动;换热特性
Abstract：Geometric modeling and meshing were carried out for one side of turbulent bed which has a heat exchanger with inclined heat pipes. Two-fluid model coupled with energy minimization multi-scale(EMMS) drag model was used to verify the model. The axial and radial distribution of particle axial velocity and the particle velocity distribution on the surface of heat pipe were studied and the heat transfer performance on heat pipe surface was analyzed. The results show that the heat pipe can restrict the upward movement of bubbles in the turbulent bed, which increases the time-averaged particle velocity under the heat pipe region. In the heat exchanger, the bubbles move upward through the heat pipe along S-shaped route, that is, the bubbles move upward from the free end of heat pipe at the height of the heat pipe and upward through the center of bed in the area between heat pipes. The lower surface of the free end of the heat pipe and its upper surface of the constrained end are called as the characteristic heat transfer areas of the inclined heat pipe, where the particles move upward across tube wall. This movement indicates the inclined arrangement of the heat pipe can strengthen the renewal speed of the particles and promote the bed-to-tube heat transfer. The particle velocity is proposed to analyze the heat transfer performance on heat pipe surface. The dimensionless radius of the efficient heat exchange zone is from-0.8 to-0.3. The heat transfer performance increases first and then keeps the constant with the gas velocity, and the gas velocity corresponding to the turning point is 0.7 m/s. With the increase of the axial height, the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe first decreases and then increases, and the bottom heat pipe has the best heat transfer performance.
Keywords：inclined heat pipe surface; heat exchanger; turbulent fluidized bed; particle flow; heat transfer performance
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