江南大学 化学与材料工程学院，合成与生物胶体教育部重点实验室，江苏 无锡214122
罗静，吴凯云，陈亚鑫. 自修复微胶囊的制备及应用的研究进展［J］. 中国粉体技术，2026，32（2）：44-58.
LUO Jing， WU Kaiyun， CHEN Yaxin. Research progress on preparation and applications of self-healing microcapsules［J］. China Powder Science and Technology，2026，32（2）：44−58.
DOI：10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2026.02.004
收稿日期：2025-02-18，修回日期：2025-03-14，上线日期：2025-09-09。
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目，编号 ：52273057。
第一作者：罗静（1980—），女，教授，博士，博士生导师，研究方向为合成胶体、功能涂层。E-mail：jingluo19801007@126. com。
摘要：【目的】梳理自修复微胶囊制备及应用的相关研究，探讨提高材料耐用性和延长使用寿命的技术，以更好地应用于实际生产，提高相关产品的附加值。【研究现状】综述自修复微胶囊的修复机制和组成调控，包括壳层与芯材的选择范围；总结自修复微胶囊制备方法，包括传统的物理方法、化学方法和基于光聚合的新型技术；分析自修复微胶囊在防腐涂层、建筑材料等领域的应用。【结论与展望】提出自修复微胶囊技术在未来的发展将集中在材料研发、制备工艺优化以及应用领域拓展等方向；认为自修复微胶囊技术的持续发展亟需跨学科的合作研究，整合多学科知识和技术以攻克技术难题和挑战，共同推动这一技术在更多领域的广泛应用。
Significance Self-healing microcapsules demonstrate significant advantages in enhancing material durability and extending service life. Conducting research on the preparation and application of self-healing microcapsules is crucial for advancing microcapsule technology and providing valuable insights for its further development.
Progress This paper reviews the healing mechanisms and compositional regulation of self-healing microcapsules, including the selection of shell and core materials based on application requirements. The advantages and development status of different shell materials are summarized, along with a detailed analysis of three types of core materials suitable for self-healing systems. Additionally, the preparation methods of self-healing microcapsules are highlighted, including traditional physical methods, chemical methods, and novel photopolymerization-based technologies. Their respective advantages and limitations are also explored. Moreover, the applications of self-healing microcapsules in anticorrosive coatings， building materials, and other fields are discussed.
Conclusions and Prospects Currently, the development of self-healing microcapsules is still facing several challenges. In terms of preparation technology, it is necessary to consider the regulation of microcapsule shell thickness and the loading capacity of core materials. More attention should be given to selecting suitable components and tailoring preparation processes based on application requirements. The commercialization of microcapsules requires economic feasibility assessments. Process optimization and the exploration of low-cost alternatives are feasible approaches. The future development of self-healing microcapsule technology will focus on three key directions: materials research, process optimization, and application expansion. In terms of materials research, the development of new shell and core materials will be a critical research focus. Enhancing the strength, stability, and overall performance of shell materials and exploring efficient and multifunctional core healing agents will further expand the application scope of self-healing microcapsules. For process optimization, it is crucial to systematically establish the relationship between preparation parameters, microcapsule structure, and performance. Integrating micro-nano processing and intelligent control technologies will enhance the precision and automation in the preparation process. This will enable more precise control of key parameters such as particle size, shell thickness, and loading capacity, thereby improving the quality and stability of self-healing microcapsules and laying the foundation for large-scale industrial production. Regarding application expansion, self-healing microcapsules are expected to be widely applied in aerospace, electronic devices, biomedicine, and energy storage. Expanding their application fields requires targeted design of microcapsule structures and functionalities based on specific application requirements, which in turn places higher demands on new material development. The ongoing development of self-healing microcapsule technology urgently calls for interdisciplinary collaborative research, integrating knowledge and techniques from multiple fields to overcome technological challenges. Such efforts will promote the extensive application of this technology across various industries, contributing significantly to scientific progress and economic development.
Keywords：microcapsule; self-healing; microcapsule preparation; microcapsule application
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