朱 涛1，马亚鹏1a，毛明杰1a，杨秋宁1a，张东生1a，2
1. 宁夏大学 a. 土木与水利工程学院， b. 宁夏回族自治区黄河水联网数字治水重点实验室，宁夏 银川750021；2. 荷语鲁汶大学 土木工程系，比利时 布鲁日8200
朱涛，马亚鹏，毛明杰，等 . 减水剂对再生微粉-矿渣-水泥基砂浆流变性能的影响［J］. 中国粉体技术，2024，30（6）：1-12.
ZHU Tao， MA Yapeng， MAO Mingjie， et al. Effect of water reducing agent on rheological properties of regenerated micropowder-slag-cement-based mortar［J］. China Powder Science and Technology，2024，30（6）：1−12.
DOI：10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2024.06.005
收稿日期：2024-04-19，修回日期：2024-06-14，上线日期：2024-10-18。
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目，编号：52468068；宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目，编号：2021BEG02014。
第一作者简介：朱涛（1998—），男，博士生，研究方向为固废资源化利用。E-mail：zhutao15895725229@163. com。
通信作者简介：杨秋宁（1972—），女，教授，博士，宁夏回族自治区首批海外引才“百人计划”，博士生导师，研究方向为固废资源化利用。E-mail：yangqn@nxu.edu.cn。
摘要：【目的】 探究减水剂对再生微粉-矿渣-水泥基砂浆（regenerated micro-powder-slag -cement-based mortar，RSCM）流变性能的影响，通过添加减水剂有效利用再生微粉和矿渣粉等固废材料，为解决固废基砂浆在工作性能方面的不足提供方案。【方法】 本文中使用3种不同减水剂（萘系、三聚氰胺系和聚羧酸系），研究3种减水剂在不同掺量下RSCM流变性能的变化规律，计算 RSCM的触变环面积、屈服应力、塑性黏度和水膜层厚度，建立水膜层厚度对于浆体屈服应力的预测模型。【结果】 随着减水剂掺量的增加，RSCM的触变环面积、屈服应力和塑性黏度减小，而水膜层厚度增加。其中三聚氰胺系减水剂对流变性能的改善效果最明显，在三聚氰胺系减水剂质量分数为0. 6%时， RSCM的触变环面积为2 660 Pa/s，屈服应力达到 74. 7 Pa、塑性黏度达到 2. 79 Pa·s，水膜层厚度为 0. 67 μm。若减水剂用量持续增加，RSCM 将变得很稀，不能应用于实际工程。本文中RSCM的水膜层厚度与屈服应力呈函数关系。【结论】 3种减水剂中，选择三聚氰胺系减水剂是比较合适的；本文中提出RSCM的水膜层厚度与屈服应力的关系模型具有较高的精度和适用性。
Objective In terms of sustainability in civil engineering， a large amount of construction waste is treated to replace cement in order to conserve natural resources and reduce carbon emissions. However， the mortar containing recycled micro-powder and slag powder often shows poor performance. Therefore， when a specific water-binder ratio is maintained， water-reducing agents are often used to improve the performance of slurries containing recycled micro-powder and slag. At present， rheology is considered to be the most effective method to characterize the workability of gellable materials. Hence， the influence of different types of water-reducing agents on the rheological properties of the slurry was studied， especially the relationship between the rheological properties and the thickness of the water film. This study aims to provide a reference for the working performance of slurries that cannot be accurately measured in practical engineering.
Methods In view of the above problems， this paper comprehensively studied the rheological properties of different types of water-reducing agents and RSCM. The water film thickness of RSCM with different dosages of three water-reducing agents was determined based on volumetric density. The relationship between the water film thickness and rheological parameters was studied， validating the applicability of the water film thickness model. Subsequently， a prediction model was established to accurately reflect the changes of rheological parameters caused by the original variables such as flocs. The specific test methods are described as follows： After the slurry was stirred， it was poured into the rheometer test vessel. After the test was completed， the rheological curve was obtained by analyzing the data. The classical Bingham model was applied to fit the descending section of the curve to obtain the desired rheological parameters. In order to determine the water film thickness of the slurry， the packing density of the solid particles must be measured first. In this paper， the wet packing density method was used to measure the particle packing density of the actual slurry.
Results and Discussion With the increase in the dosage of water-reducing agents， the thixotropic loop area， yield stress， and plastic viscosity of RSCM decreased， while the thickness of the water film layer increased. Among them， the melamine-based water-reducing agent had the most significant improvement effect on rheological properties. When the mass fraction of the melamine-based water-reducing agent was 0. 6%， the thixotropic loop area of RSCM was 2660 Pa/s， the yield stress reached 74. 7 Pa， the plastic viscosity reached 2. 79 Pa·s， and the thickness of the water film layer was 0. 67 μm. If the dosage continued to increase， the RSCM became very thin and could not be applied to practical engineering. In this study the thickness of the water film layer of RSCM was functionally related to the yield stress.
Conclusion Among the three types of water reducing agents studied， SMF proved to be more appropriate. The proposed water film thickness model demonstrated high accuracy and applicability in predicting rheological parameters of RSCM， providing valuable insights for the design and application of RSCM in engineering. In fact， the hydration effect of the cementing material was considered when the wet filler method was used to determine the density of the filler， but the hydration effect of the cementing material was not considered in the derivation. For ease of calculation， this study only considered free water conditions caused by flocs， excluding the effects of changes in flocculant size on rheological properties.
Keywords：regenerated powder； water reducing agent； rheological property； prediction model
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