张梓硕, 孙玉利, 赵闯, 杨益新, 闫哲, 赵旭昂, 卢文壮, 左敦稳
南京航空航天大学 机电学院, 江苏 南京 210016
引用格式:
张梓硕, 孙玉利, 赵闯, 等. Al₂O₃-SiO₂复合纳米流体的分散稳定性与工艺参数优化[J]. 中国粉体技术, 2027, 33(3): 1-10.
Zhang Zishuo, Sun Yuli, Zhao Chuang, et al. Dispersion stability and process parameter optimization of Al2O3-SiO2 hybrid nanofluids[J]. China Powder Science and Technology, 2027, 33(3): 1-10.
DOI:10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2027.03.001
收稿日期: 2026-07-20, 修回日期: 2026-09-20, 上线日期: 2026-11-03。
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目,编号:52575506;南京航空航天大学研究生科研与实践创新计划项目,编号:xcxjh20250505。
第一作者: 张梓硕(2002—),男,硕士生,研究方向为精密超精密加工技术。E-mail:sx2405094@nuaa.edu.cn。
通信作者: 孙玉利(1970—),男,教授,博士,博士生导师,研究方向为精密超精密加工技术、现代表面工程技术。E-mail:sunyuli@nuaa.edu.cn。
摘要: 【目的】 针对Al₂O₃-SiO₂复合纳米颗粒在水相介质中易产生颗粒团聚和沉降的问题,确定Al₂O₃-SiO₂复合纳米流体稳定的最优制备工艺参数。【方法】 将Al₂O₃、SiO₂的质量比设为1:1,Al₂O₃、SiO₂纳米颗粒的总质量分数设为0.1%,采用高压均质法与添加分散剂法制备Al₂O₃-SiO₂复合纳米流体;以Zeta电位绝对值作为评价指标,通过单因素试验法研究均质压力、均质次数、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate,SDBS)质量分数对分散稳定性的影响,并利用L₉(33)正交试验法优化工艺参数组合;采用Zeta电位分析仪、扫描电子显微镜、激光粒度分析仪验证分析采用优化工艺参数制得的Al₂O₃-SiO₂复合纳米流体的分散稳定性。【结果】 随着均质压力的增大,Al₂O₃-SiO₂复合纳米流体的Zeta电位绝对值逐渐增大;随着均质次数、SDBS 质量分数的增大,Zeta电位绝对值先增大后减小。SDBS质量分数、均质压力、均质次数对Zeta电位绝对值的影响程度依次减小;最优工艺参数的组合为:SDBS质量分数为0.3%,均质压力为120 MPa,均质次数为5。在最优工艺参数组合条件下制得的Al₂O₃-SiO₂复合纳米流体的Zeta电位绝对值最大为66.1 mV,流体中纳米颗粒的团聚与堆积现象减弱,颗粒分布均匀;静置24 h后团聚体的平均粒径由441 nm增大至463 nm,增幅仅为5%,流体稳定性好。【结论】 在最佳工艺参数组合条件下,高压均质的机械解聚作用与SDBS的界面调控作用协同提高了Al₂O₃-SiO₂复合纳米流体的分散稳定性。
关键词: 氧化铝;氧化硅;复合纳米流体;高压均质;十二烷基苯磺酸钠;分散稳定性;工艺参数优化
Abstract
Objective To address the problems of particle agglomeration and sedimentation of Al₂O₃-SiO₂ hybrid nanoparticles in aqueous media, this study investigates the effects of the mechanical action of high-pressure homogenization and the interfacial regulation of dispersants on the dispersion stability of Al₂O₃-SiO₂ hybrid nanofluids, and determines the optimal preparation process parameters for obtaining stable Al₂O₃-SiO₂ hybrid nanofluids.
Methods Al₂O₃-SiO₂ hybrid nanofluids were prepared by combining high-pressure homogenization with dispersant addition, with an Al₂O₃-to-SiO₂ mass ratio of 1∶1 and a total mass fraction of Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ nanoparticles set at 0.1%. The magnitude of the zeta potential was used as the evaluation indicator. The homogenization pressures were set at 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 MPa. The numbers of homogenization passes were set at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9, and the mass fractions of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) were set at 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7%, and 0.9%. Single-factor experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of homogenization pressure, number of homogenization passes, and SDBS mass fraction on dispersion stability, and an L₉(3³) orthogonal test was employed to optimize the process parameters. Finally, a zeta potential analyzer, laser particle size analyzer, and scanning electron microscope were used to characterize and verify the Al₂O₃-SiO₂ hybrid nanofluid prepared under the optimized process parameters.
Results and Discussion With increasing homogenization pressure, the magnitude of the zeta potential of the Al₂O₃-SiO₂ hybrid nanofluid gradually increased, whereas with increasing number of homogenization passes and SDBS mass fraction, the magnitude of the zeta potential first increased and then decreased. The effects of the three factors on the magnitude of the zeta potential decreased in the following order: SDBS mass fraction, homogenization pressure, and number of homogenization passes. The optimal combination of process parameters was an SDBS mass fraction of 0.3%,a homogenization pressure of 120 MPa, and 5 homogenization passes. Under the optimal process conditions, the maximum magnitude of the zeta potential of prepared Al₂O₃-SiO₂ hybrid nanofluid reached 66.1 mV. The agglomeration and accumulation of nanoparticles in the sample were reduced, and the nanoparticles exhibited good dispersion uniformity. After standing for 24 h, the mean particle size increased from 441 nm to 463 nm, corresponding to an increase of only 5%, indicating good dispersion stability.
Conclusion Under the optimal process conditions, the mechanical deagglomeration effect of high-pressure homogenization and the interfacial regulation effect of SDBS synergistically improve the dispersion stability of Al₂O₃-SiO₂ hybrid nanofluids.
Keywords: alumina;silica;hybrid nanofluid;high-pressure homogenization;sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate;dispersion stability;process parameter optimization
参考文献(References)
[1]吴俊杰, 马丽, 侯竣升, 等. 复合纳米流体强化换热研究进展[J]. 工程科学学报, 2024, 46(5): 937-948.
Wu Junjie, Ma Li, Hou Junsheng, et al. Research progress on hybrid nanofluids for heat transfer process intensification[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2024, 46(5): 937-948.
[2]代钊恺, 杨现禹, 解经宇, 等. 纳米流体地热循环换热实验研究[J]. 地质科技通报, 2024, 43(3): 48-58.
Dai Zhaokai, Yang Xianyu, Xie Jingyu, et al. Experimental study of recirculating heat transfer in geothermal wells with nanofluids[J]. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology, 2024, 43(3): 48-58.
[3]Peer M S, Cascetta M, Migliari L, et al. Nanofluids in thermal energy storage systems: a comprehensive review[J]. Energies, 2025, 18(3): 707.
[4]王亚辉, 罗延旭, 刘耀, 等. 纳米流体研究进展[J]. 能源工程, 2022, 42(2): 7-16.
Wang Yahui, Luo Yanxu, Liu Yao, et al. Review of research progress of nanofluids[J]. Energy Engineering, 2022, 42(2):7-16.
[5]陈真真, 陈洪强, 黄磊, 等. 二氧化硅纳米流体强化对流换热研究进展[J]. 工程科学学报, 2022, 44(4): 812-825.
Chen Zhenzhen, Chen Hongqiang, Huang Lei, et al. Research progress on silica nanofluids for convective heat transfer enhancement[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2022, 44(4): 812-825.
[6]Manimaran M, Norizan M N, Kassim M H M, et al. Critical review on the stability and thermal conductivity of water-based hybrid nanofluids for heat transfer applications[J]. RSC Advances, 2025, 15(18): 14088-14125.
[7]Kalsi S, Kumar S, Kumar A, et al. A review on hybrid nanofluids for heat transfer: advancements, synthesis, challenges and applications[J]. Discover Applied Sciences, 2025, 7(7): 698.
[8]Yasmin H, Giwa S O, Noor S, et al. Reproduction of nanofluid synthesis, thermal properties and experiments in engineering: a research paradigm shift[J]. Energies, 2023, 16(3): 1145.
[9]Qayum A, Rashid A, Liang Q, et al. Ultrasonic and homogenization: an overview of the preparation of an edible protein-polysaccharide complex emulsion[J]. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 2023, 22(6): 4242-4281.
[10]Contreras E M C, Bandarra Filho E P, Martins G. An experimental investigation of the stability and thermophysical properties of MWCNT nanofluids in a water-ethylene glycol mixture[J]. Processes, 2025, 13(5): 1333.
[11]Inguva P, Grasselli S, Heng P W S. High pressure homogenization:an update on its usage and understanding[J]. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2024, 202: 284-302.
[12]王延青, 高彩琴, 张朝阳, 等. 碳纳米管粉体的液相分散方法和机制[J]. 中国粉体技术, 2025, 31(1): 170-182.
Wang Yanqing, Gao Caiqin, Zhang Chaoyang, et al. Methods and mechanisms of solution dispersion of carbon nanotube powders[J]. China Powder Science and Technology, 2025, 31(1): 170-182.
[13]Rehman A, Yaqub S, Ali M, et al. Effect of surfactants on the stability and thermophysical properties of Al2O3+TiO2 hybrid nanofluids[J]. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2023, 391: 123350.
[14]Rahmadiawan D, Shi S C. Enhanced stability, superior anti-corrosive, and tribological performance of Al2O3 water-based nanofluid lubricants with tannic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose over SDBS as surfactant[J]. Scientific Reports, 2024, 14: 9217.
[15]夏保红, 孙玉利, 左敦稳, 等. 微米α-氧化铝粉体在水相介质中的分散性研究[J]. 中国粉体技术, 2015, 21(1): 42-45, 65.
Xia Baohong, Sun Yuli, Zuo Dunwen, et al. Dispersion of micron-sized α-alumina powders in water suspension[J]. China Powder Science and Technology, 2015, 21(1): 42-45, 65.
[16]Das P K, Santra A K, Ganguly R, et al. An extensive review of preparation, stabilization, and application of single and hybrid nanofluids[J]. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2024, 149: 9523-9557.
[17]Bhattad A, Atgur V, Rao B N, et al. Review on mono and hybrid nanofluids: preparation, properties, investigation, and applications in IC engines and heat transfer[J]. Energies, 2023, 16(7): 3189.
[18]Kulaki A K, Hosseini-Nasab S M, Hormozi F. Low-salinity water flooding by a novel hybrid of nano γ-Al2O3/SiO2 modified with a green surfactant for enhanced oil recovery[J]. Scientific Reports, 2024, 14: 14033.
[19]Sahin F. Stability optimization of Al2O3/SiO2 hybrid nanofluids and a new correlation for thermal conductivity: an AI-supported approach[J]. International Journal of Thermophysics, 2025, 46(1): 9.
[20]Huang Yuxuan, Li Hongchao, Hu Jincheng, et al. Study on enhanced heat transfer and stability characteristics of Al2O3-SiO2/water hybrid nanofluids[J]. International Journal of Thermophysics, 2023, 44(10): 156.
[21]Kumar G, Ghosh S, Rao P V. A sustainable approach for the preparation and stability of mono and hybrid nanofluids in the milling of nickel based superalloy[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2024, 467: 143015.
[22]AlMuhaysh K A, Sergis A, Hardalupas Y. Effects of pH and nanoparticle concentration on Al2O3-H2O nanofluid stability[J]. International Journal of Thermophysics, 2025, 46(6): 82.
[23]Sharif M Z, Azmi W H, Ghazali M F, et al. Stability and thermal conductivity of mono and hybrid nanoparticles dispersion in double-end capped PAG lubricant[J]. Lubricants, 2023, 11(1): 1.
[24]Wang Jin, Yang Xian, Klemeš J J, et al. A review on nanofluid stability: preparation and application[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2023, 188: 113854.