ISSN 1008-5548

CN 37-1316/TU

最新出版

化学链技术体系拓展和深化研究进展

Research progress on expansion and advancement of chemical looping technology system


赵海波1, 金波2, 秦昌雷3, 马琎晨1, 郭庆杰4, 段伦博5, 李英杰6, 刘 方7,宋 涛8, 王坤9, 高云飞10, 汤红健5, 王越明5

1.华中科技大学 能源与动力工程学院, 煤燃烧与低碳利用全国重点实验室, 湖北 武汉 430072; 2.湖南大学 化学化工学院, 二氧化碳捕获与封存国际合作中心, 化石能源低碳化高效利用湖南省重点实验室, 先进催化教育部工程研究中心, 湖南 长沙 410082; 3.重庆大学 能源与动力工程学院, 重庆 400044; 4.青岛科技大学 化工学院, 山东 青岛 266042; 5.东南大学 能源与环境学院, 江苏 南京 210096; 6.山东大学 核科学与能源动力学院, 山东 济南 250100; 7.中国矿业大学 低碳能源与动力工程学院, 江苏 徐州 221116; 8.南京师范大学 能源科学与工程学院, 江苏 南京 210042; 9.东北大学 冶金学院, 辽宁 沈阳 110819; 10.华东理工大学 资源与环境工程学院, 上海 200237

引用格式:

赵海波, 金波, 秦昌雷, 等. 化学链技术体系拓展和深化研究进展[J]. 中国粉体技术, 2027, 33(1): 64-78.

Zhao Haibo, Jin Bo,Qin Changlei, et al. Research progress on expansion and advancement of chemical looping technology system[J]. China Powder Science and Technology, 2027, 33(1): 64-78.

DOI:10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2027.01.005

收稿日期: 2026-09-14, 修回日期: 2026-09-22, 上线日期:2026-网上出版日期:10-12。

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目,编号 :52536008、52176107、22478099。

第一作者:赵海波(1977—),男,教授,博士,博士生导师,国家杰出青年基金获得者,研究方向为化石能源低碳燃烧和高值化利用、燃烧合成功能纳米颗粒、环境热经济学、能源转换与利用新技术等方面。E-mail:hzhao@mail.hust.edu.cn。

摘要: 【目的】 分析化学链技术体系拓展和深化研究进展,为化学链技术的工程应用提供理论基础。 【研究现状】 在燃料清洁利用和碳减排领域受到广泛关注。随着研究不断深入,化学链技术的应用已由传统燃烧和碳捕集拓展至燃料转化、氢气和合成气制备、化学品合成及CO₂资源化利用等领域,氧载体材料设计、颗粒性能和反应器运行逐渐成为影响技术发展的重要因素。围绕这一发展过程,综述气体和固体燃料化学链燃烧,以及化学链气化、重整制氢、合成氨、氧化脱氢、空气分离制氧和CO₂转化等方面的研究进展,重点分析氧载体组成与结构调控、低成本原料利用、颗粒制备与失活、反应器放大及系统集成等方面的研究现状。 【结论与展望】 未来研究可重点关注加强氧载体动态结构与反应机制研究,即结合原位表征与理论计算,揭示氧空位形成、阳离子迁移、金属析出及物相重构对晶格氧活性和循环性能的影响,建立动态结构-性能关系,并由抑制结构变化进一步向调控和利用可逆结构演变发展;综合考虑反应活性、机械强度、抗磨损性能、循环寿命及制备成本,将材料设计与规模化颗粒制备相结合,完善不同应用场景下氧容量、反应速率、机械性能和循环稳定性的评价方法;加强反应器放大与系统集成研究,加强化学链与CO2捕集、催化转化及热量循环等过程的耦合。

关键词: 化学链技术; 化学链燃烧; 氧载体; 燃料转化; 系统集成

Abstract 

Significance Chemical looping technology has attracted extensive research interest due to its ability to decouple fuel conversion from oxygen supply by utilizing lattice oxygen in solid oxygen carriers. Compared with conventional processes, chemical looping provides an alternative approach for improving fuel utilization, reducing carbon emissions, and facilitating CO₂ separation and utilization. In recent years, the application scope of chemical looping technology in China has expanded considerably from conventional chemical looping combustion and carbon capture to fuel conversion, hydrogen and syngas production, chemical synthesis, oxygen production, CO₂ conversion, and pollutant removal. Meanwhile, continuous advances in oxygen carriers, particle preparation, reactor design, and process integration have provided new opportunities for the development of chemical looping systems. Therefore, a systematic review of the expansion and advancement of chemical looping technology is of great significance for understanding its current development status and identifying key challenges for engineering application.

Progress For chemical looping combustion, substantial progress has been achieved in the conversion of both gaseous and solid fuels. The effects of oxygen carrier composition, structure, redox properties, and reaction conditions on fuel conversion and cyclic performance have been extensively investigated. Beyond combustion, chemical looping gasification and reforming have been developed for the production of hydrogen and syngas, in which the oxygen transfer characteristics of oxygen carriers play a critical role in regulating product distribution and process efficiency. Chemical looping approaches have also been extended to ammonia synthesis and oxidative dehydrogenation, providing new strategies for chemical production with reduced dependence on conventional oxidants and potentially lower energy consumption. In addition, chemical looping air separation has been investigated for oxygen production, while chemical looping CO₂ conversion has attracted increasing attention because of its potential for CO₂ resource utilization. Chemical looping processes have also been coupled with pollutant removal, enabling simultaneous fuel conversion and pollutant control.

Conclusions and Prospects Chemical looping technology has developed from a relatively focused concept for combustion and carbon capture into a diversified technology system covering fuel conversion, hydrogen and syngas production, chemical synthesis, oxygen production, CO₂ utilization, and pollutant control. The development of oxygen carriers and particle technologies has provided important support for these emerging applications, while reactor engineering and process integration are becoming increasingly important for further technological advancement. Nevertheless, achieving a balance between oxygen carrier reactivity, mechanical strength, and cyclic lifetime remains challenging. The mechanisms governing oxygen carrier deactivation and particle degradation under realistic operating conditions also require further investigation. In addition, reactor scale-up and continuous solid circulation remain major challenges in the engineering application of chemical looping technology. Future research should therefore focus on the coordinated optimization of oxygen carrier composition, structure, particle properties, and reaction performance, while strengthening the development of low-cost and sustainable oxygen carriers. Greater attention should also be given to reactor scale-up, long-term continuous operation, multi-process coupling, energy integration, and techno-economic assessment. Such efforts are expected to promote the transition of chemical looping technology from laboratory-scale research toward reliable and efficient industrial applications.

Keywords: chemical looping technology; chemical looping combustion; oxygen carrier; fuel conversion; system integration

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