韩志伟^1，2， 廖宏^3a，3b， 王体健⁴， 车慧正⁵， 丁爱军^6，4， 宋宇⁷， 朱彬^3c，吴涧⁸

1. 中国科学院 大气物理研究所 地球系统数值模拟与应用全国重点实验室， 北京 100029； 2.中国科学院大学 地球与行星科学学院， 北京 101408；3. 南京信息工程大学 a.气候系统预测与变化应对全国重点实验室， b.环境科学与工程学院， c.大气物理学院，江苏 南京 210044；4. 南京大学 大气科学学院，江苏 南京 210023； 5. 中国气象科学研究院，北京 100081；6. 南京大学 南京赫尔辛基大气与地球系统科学学院，江苏 苏州 215163；

7. 北京大学 环境科学与工程学院，北京 100871； 8. 云南大学 地球科学学院，云南 昆明 650500

引用格式：

韩志伟， 廖宏， 王体健， 等. 中国气溶胶辐射和天气气候效应研究进展［J］. 中国粉体技术， 2027， 33（2）： 1-13.

Han Zhiwei， Liao Hong， Wang Tijian， et al. Research progress on aerosol radiative and weather-climate effects in China［J］. China Powder Science and Technology， 2027， 33（2）： 1-13.

DOI：10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2027.02.002

收稿日期： 2026-07-16， 修回日期： 2026-08-29， 上线日期： 2026-09-11。

基金项目： 国家自然科学基金项目，编号： 42375107。

第一作者： 韩志伟（1967—），男，研究员，博士，博士生导师，中国科学院“百人计划”人才，研究方向为大气气溶胶理化过程以及对辐射、云、天气和气候的影响。E-mail：hzw@mail.iap.ac.cn。

摘要： 【目的】 总结中国气溶胶辐射和天气气候效应研究进展，为深入理解气溶胶理化过程，准确评估和有效制定环境保护和气候变化应对双赢策略提供参考。 【研究现状】 综述近15 a关于中国气溶胶对辐射传输和天气气候影响的研究进展，包括气溶胶的直接和间接辐射效应，气溶胶-辐射-云相互作用及其对气象和大气污染的影响，气溶胶对东亚季风的影响，气溶胶气候效应对人为排放变化的响应，以及未来碳中和背景下气溶胶在气候变化中的作用。 【结论与展望】 提出未来研究方向，即通过综合观测试验和模式研究，提升对气溶胶混合、老化、吸湿增长以及气溶胶-云相互作用等过程的认识，提高气溶胶辐射和气候效应预测的准确性。

关键词： 大气气溶胶； 气溶胶-辐射-云相互作用； 气候效应； 清洁空气； 碳中和

Abstract

Significance This paper summarizes the research progress on aerosol radiative and weather-climate effects in China， aiming to provide references for the further understanding of aerosol physicochemical processes and accurate evaluation and formulation of win-win strategies for environmental protection and climate change response.

Progress It reviews the major advances and current understanding of aerosol radiative and climate effects in China over the past 15 years， covering the following key aspects： the negative direct radiative effect （cooling） of aerosols at the surface and their positive direct radiative effect （heating） in the atmosphere， along with their spatiotemporal heterogeneity； the critical impacts of aerosol–radiation–cloud interactions and feedbacks on meteorology， atmospheric chemistry， and the occurrence and development of haze； the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the aerosol–cloud microphysics relationship， which is closely related to aerosol properties， atmospheric dynamics， and water vapor conditions； and the significant impacts of aerosols on the East Asian monsoon and precipitation， which can affect the onset， advancement， retreat， and intensity of the monsoon. Under the Clean Air Action Plan and future carbon neutrality pathways， the radiative and weather-climate effects of aerosols have undergone and will continue to undergo important changes， and aerosols will play a crucial role in future environmental protection and climate change response.

Conclusions and Prospects The understanding of the physicochemical properties and variation patterns of aerosols （such as particle size distribution， mixing state， aging processes， hygroscopic growth， etc.） and their influencing factors remains insufficient. Aerosol properties and their variations directly affect aerosol scattering and absorption capabilities， as well as their ability to serve as cloud condensation nuclei （CCN） and ice nuclei， thereby influencing the estimation of radiative effects. Therefore， it is necessary to strengthen integrated chemistry-meteorology observations and the application of satellite data to support research on aerosol processes and mechanisms. Considerable uncertainties remain regarding the relationship between aerosol properties and cloud physical properties， as well as their interaction mechanisms. The features obtained from ground-based， aircraft， and satellite observation analyses are affected by different spatiotemporal conditions， and the universal mechanism of aerosol-cloud interactions in China has not yet been clarified. Under future emission reduction and carbon neutrality scenarios， the importance of aerosol-cloud interactions for climate change may exceed that of aerosol-radiation interactions. Therefore， greater research efforts are required in this field. Meanwhile， anthropogenic aerosol concentrations are expected to decrease， while the climatic impacts of changes in natural-source aerosols will become increasingly significant. In the past， greater attention was paid to anthropogenic aerosols due to pollution issues， but China’s current research on natural aerosols （such as dust， marine aerosols， bioaerosols， wildfire aerosols， etc.） remains relatively limited， lacking a systematic understanding of the properties， processes， and mechanisms of natural aerosols. Aerosol-climate models require further development， especially in developing reasonable and effective parameterization schemes for aerosol morphology and structure， aging processes， and aerosol-cloud interactions. More laboratory data （chemical reaction coefficients， etc.）， field observations （free radicals， particle size distributions and chemical compositions， vertical distributions， etc.）， and satellite retrieval data （aerosol size and composition， CCN， volatile organic compounds， etc.） are required to constrain and validate model results across multiple spatiotemporal scales. Machine learning methods can also be leveraged to improve the models’ability to simulate and predict aerosol radiative and climate effects.

Keywords： atmospheric aerosols； aerosol–radiation–cloud interaction； climate effects； clean air； carbon neutrality

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