姜胜强， 胡柳， 陈逸豪， 黎旭

湘潭大学 机械工程与力学学院，复杂轨迹加工工艺及装备教育部工程研究中心，湖南 湘潭 411105

引用格式：

姜胜强， 胡柳， 陈逸豪， 等. 基于静态休止角的镍钴锰酸锂粉末离散元参数标定［J］. 中国粉体技术， 2026， 32（5）： 1-12.

Citation:Jiang Shengqiang， Hu Liu， Chen Yihao， et al. Discrete element parameter calibration of lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide powder based on static angle of repose［J］. China Powder Science and Technology， 2026， 32（5）： 1-12.

DOI：10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2026.05.004

收稿日期： 2026-05-10， 修回日期： 2026-08-23，上线日期： X2026-08-28。

基金项目： 国家自然科学基金面上项目，编号 ：52575540；国家自然科学基金青年项目，编号 ：12302513

第一作者简介： 姜胜强（1986—），男，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为散料输送过程仿真及设备优化研究。E-mail：jsqx@126.com。

摘要： 【目的】 提高镍钴锰酸锂粉末在输送、混合及堆积等过程中的离散元仿真精度，针对其粒径小、黏附性强、接触参数难以直接获取的问题，开展接触参数标定研究。【方法】 通过粒径、松装密度、振实密度和休止角实验获取粉末参数，采用JKR接触模型（Hertz-Mindlin with Johnson-Kendall-Roberts contact model，JKR）建立离散元仿真模型，利用MATLAB图像处理方法提取颗粒堆积轮廓并计算仿真休止角，结合Plackett-Burman试验、最陡爬坡试验和中心复合设计试验对接触参数进行筛选与优化；最终通过仿真验证对标定结果进行定量评估。【结果】 颗粒间表面能和滚动阻尼系数是影响休止角的显著因素，标定得到颗粒间表面能为0.08 J/m²、滚动阻尼系数为0.25；在该参数组合下，仿真得到的休止角为58.8°，与实验值58.3°的相对误差仅为0.94%。【结论】 基于JKR接触模型的参数标定方法能够较好表征镍钴锰酸锂粉末的团聚与流动特性。

关键词： 镍钴锰酸锂粉末； 离散元法； 休止角； 接触参数标定； 响应面法

Abstract

Objective This study aims to calibrate the discrete element method （DEM） contact parameters of lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide （NCM） powder. Considering the small particle size and strong adhesion characteristics of the powder， the calibration of discrete element parameters aims to improve the prediction accuracy of DEM simulations during powder conveying， mixing， and packing processes.

Methods Physical tests were first conducted to obtain the intrinsic properties of the NCM powder. The particle size distribution was measured using a laser diffraction analyzer， yielding d₁₀ = 1.2 μm， d₅₀ = 2.5 μm， and d₉₀ = 4.0 μm. Optical microscopy was used to characterize the particle morphology， which revealed irregular particle shapes and significant particle agglomeration. The bulk density and tapped density were measured according to GB/T 1479.1-2011， with values of 0.90 g/cm³ and 2.36 g/cm³， respectively. The static angle of repose was measured according to GB/T 31057.3-2018. The measurement was repeated 20 times， and the mean value was calculated at a confidence level of 0.90， yielding a reference angle of repose of 58.3°. During DEM model construction， a particle scaling strategy based on similarity principles was applied to reduce computational cost， and the equivalent particle diameter was set to 0.625 mm. Considering the adhesion effect between powder particles， the Johnson–Kendall–Roberts （JKR） contact model was adopted to describe the interparticle adhesion force caused by surface energy. A geometric model consisting of a funnel and a receiving plate was established according to the national standard. The angle of repose of the simulated particle pile was obtained using a MATLAB-based image processing method. The pile images were converted into grayscale and binarized images， the boundary contour was extracted， and the left and right boundaries were fitted separately using the least squares method. The average value of the two fitted angles was used as the response variable. During the parameter calibration stage， a Plackett-Burman （PB） design was used to screen nine contact parameters， including static friction， dynamic friction， restitution coefficient， surface energy， and rolling damping， to identify significant factors. Subsequently， a steepest ascent test with six gradient levels was performed to approach the optimal parameter range of the significant factors， while the remaining insignificant parameters were fixed at their intermediate levels. Finally， a central composite design （CCD） with 13 runs was carried out to establish a quadratic regression model between the angle of repose and the significant factors.

Results and Discussion The PB test results showed that interparticle surface energy （P < 0.01） and rolling damping coefficient （P < 0.01） were significant factors influencing the angle of repose， while the other parameters showed no significant effects （P > 0.05）. The steepest ascent test showed that the relative error reached its minimum value in the fourth group， indicating that this parameter range was close to the optimal region. The regression model established from the CCD showed a high degree of fit， with R² = 0.969 0， adjusted R² = 0.946 8， and predicted R² = 0.916 1. The model was highly significant （P < 0.000 1） and passed the lack-of-fit test （P > 0.05）. Based on this model， the optimal parameter combination was determined. A verification simulation was conducted， yielding an angle of repose of 58.8°， with a relative error of only 0.94% compared with the experimental value of 58.3°.

Conclusion A combined physical–simulation approach， incorporating MATLAB image processing and statistical test design， is adopted for calibration. A JKR contact model incorporating particle scaling is established to simulate cohesive powder， and image processing of the pile boundary provides a stable response variable for calibration. Surface energy and rolling damping are identified as dominant factors， and a regression model is subsequently developed. The optimal parameters are determined and validated， demonstrating excellent agreement between the simulation and physical tests. The calibrated parameters are reliable and can provide a solid basis for DEM simulations of NCM powder conveying， mixing， and packing processes.

Keywords： lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide powder； discrete element method； angle of repose； contact parameter calibration； response surface methodology

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