王学涛¹， 蒋沂声¹， 王余莲¹， 刘洋洋¹， 邵宇晨¹， 毛治然¹， 崔宝玉²

1.沈阳理工大学 材料科学与工程学院，辽宁 沈阳110159；2.东北大学 资源与土木工程学院，辽宁 沈阳110819

引用格式：

王学涛， 蒋沂声， 王余莲， 等. 基于耦合数值模型的浓密机内部流场特性以及絮凝性能的优化［J］. 中国粉体技术， 2026， 32（4）： 1-12.

Wang Xuetao， Jiang Yisheng， Wang Yulian， et al. Optimization of internal flow field characteristics and flocculation performance of thickener based on coupled numerical model［J］. China Powder Science and Technology， 2026， 32（4）： 1-12.

DOI：10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2026.04.004

收稿日期： 2025-09-21， 修回日期： 2026-04-02，上线日期： 2026-06-08。

基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目，编号：52374271；辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目，编号：LJ212410144059；沈阳理工大学引进高层次人才项目，编号：1010147001204；辽宁省博士科研启动基金计划项目，编号：2025-BS-0357。

第一作者简介：王学涛（1990—），男，副教授，博士，硕士生导师，主要从事复杂多相流动过程仿真模拟及过程强化研究，E-mail：wangxuetao@sylu.edu.cn。

通信作者简介：王余莲（1986—），女，教授，博士，博士生导师，国家级青年拔尖人才，主要从事矿产资源综合利用研究，E-mail：ylwang0908@163.com。

摘要：【目的】通过研究初始矿浆中固相颗粒的体积分数（给料体积分数）对浓密机内部的流场特性和絮凝性能的影响，优化浓密机中矿浆的固液分离效率。【方法】建立计算流体力学-群体平衡模型（computational fluid dynamics-population balance model，CFD-PBM）耦合数值模型，预测浓密机内矿浆的流场特性和絮凝性能；分析浓密机内部的矿浆黏度、矿浆动量以及湍流动能等流场特性；研究给料体积分数对给料井内不同高度处矿浆体积分数、絮团平均粒径分布的影响，总结给料体积分数对浓密机絮凝性能的影响规律。【结果】当给料体积分数为12%时，给料井入口处与出口处矿浆的动量差达到最大值2 350 kg·m/s，给料井出口处的矿浆有效黏度为0.002 2 Pa∙s，湍流动能达到最大值0.015 1 J/kg，给料井内的矿浆体积分数约为4%~11%，在给料井高度为560 mm时絮团平均粒径达到最大值152 µm，絮团无明显局部富集或稀相区，给料井内矿浆流场特性最佳，絮凝效果最好。【结论】采用CFD-PBM耦合数值模型能够预测浓密机中矿浆的流场特性和絮凝性能；通过优化给料体积分数可以有效地调控矿浆的流场特性，优化絮凝性能，从而实现浓密机的高效运行。

关键词：耦合数值模型； 浓密机； 流场特性； 絮凝性能

Abstract

Objective To optimize the solid-liquid separation efficiency of pulp in the thickener， this study investigates the effects of the volume fraction of solid particles in the initial pulp on the internal flow field characteristics and flocculation performance of the thickener.

Methods A coupled numerical model of computational fluid dynamics-population balance model （CFD-PBM） was established to predict the flow field characteristics and flocculation performance of pulp in the thickener. The internal flow field characteristics of the thickener， including the effective viscosity of pulp， the momentum of pulp， and the turbulent kinetic energy， were analyzed. The effects of the volume fraction of solid particles in the initial pulp on the volume fraction of solid particles in the pulp and the mean floc size distribution at different heights within the feedwell were investigated， and the effects of the volume fraction of solid particles in the initial pulp on the flocculation performance of the thickener were summarized.

Results and Discussion When the volume fraction of solid particles in the initial pulp was 12%， the momentum difference of the pulp between the inlet and outlet of the feedwell reached a maximum of 2 350 kg·m/s， the effective viscosity of the pulp at the outlet of the feedwell was 0.002 2 Pa·s， and the turbulent kinetic energy reached a maximum of 0.015 1 J/kg， indicating that the flow field characteristics of the pulp in the feedwell were optimal. The volume fraction of solid particles in the initial pulp of 12% was conducive to the uniform dispersion and efficient mixing of solid particles and flocculant， increasing the collision frequency between particles， promoting the directional agglomeration of particles， and forming flocs with a certain size and structural stability. The volume fraction of solid particles in the initial pulp was an important parameter affecting the kinetic behavior of particle flocculation and the flow field characteristics of the pulp. By optimizing the volume fraction of solid particles in the initial pulp， the particle velocity and motion trajectory in the pulp could be regulated， thereby improving the flocculation performance of the thickener. When the volume fraction of solid particles in the initial pulp was 12%， the pulp volume fraction distribution within the feedwell was relatively uniform， ranging from approximately 4% to 11%. At a feedwell height of 560 mm， the mean floc size reached a maximum of 152 μm. There was no obvious local enrichment or dilute phase region of flocs， and the flocculation effect was the best.

Conclusion The CFD-PBM coupled numerical model can be adopted to predict the flow field characteristics and flocculation performance of pulp in the thickener. Optimizing the volume fraction of solid particles in the initial pulp can effectively regulate the flow field characteristics of pulp and improve the flocculation performance， thereby achieving efficient operation of the thickener.

Keywords： coupled numerical model； thickener； flow field characteristics； flocculation performance

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