许梦毫1， 龚清磊2， 朱炫昱1， 朱广春1， 庞浩1， 林龙沅1
1.西南科技大学 环境与资源学院， 四川 绵阳 621000； 2.中冶建工集团有限公司， 重庆 401335
引用格式：
许梦毫，龚清磊，朱炫昱，等. 小型复合式除尘器的气流组织模拟与优化［J］. 中国粉体技术，2026，32（4）：1-11.
Xu Menghao， Gong Qinglei， Zhu Xuanyu， et al. Simulation and optimization of airflow organization in small composite dust collectors［J］. China Powder Science and Technology， 2026， 32（4）： 1-11.
DOI：10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2026.04.002
收稿日期： 2025-12-21， 修回日期： 2026-05-20， 上线日期： 2026-06-05。
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目，编号：52463026；四川省科技计划项目，编号：2024ZHCG0121。
第一作者：许梦毫（2001—），男，硕士生，研究方向为工业通风除尘。E-mail：1597901848@qq.com。
通信作者：林龙沅（1981—），男，教授，博士，博士生导师，四川省学术和技术带头人后备人选，研究方向为气流粉碎、分级与除尘净化。E-mail：lly7572@126.com。
摘要：【目的】针对小型旋流管组-滤筒复合式除尘器侧向进风易造成气流冲刷滤筒、除尘器内部气流组织分布不均的问题，通过设置不同角度挡流板对除尘器设计进行优化。【方法】利用SpaceClaim软件设计不同挡流板角度的小型复合式除尘器模型，采用计算流体动力学软件Fluent对除尘过程进行数值模拟，分析挡流板角度对除尘器内部气流组织分布及旋流管组除尘效率的影响。【结果】当挡流板角度为90°、95°、100°时，气流冲刷问题被有效解决，滤室内部气流速度降低75%，显著改善除尘器内部气流组织均匀性；当挡流板角度增大至105°时，除尘过程中出现滤室内气流组织不均匀现象，且旋流管组初级除尘效率降低。【结论】旋流管组-滤筒复合式结构中设置适当角度的挡流板可有效解决气流冲刷问题，改善内部气流组织的均匀性；但挡流板角度不宜过大，角度大易造成挡流板引导气流作用加强，导致滤室内气流组织不均匀；当挡流板角度为100°时，在不影响旋流管组初级除尘的同时，滤室内部气流组织均匀性最优，可作为此研究条件下小型复合式除尘器的最佳设置。
关键词：复合式除尘器；挡流板；气流组织；除尘效率
Abstract
Objective In the designed small cyclone tube group-cartridge composite dust collector， filter cartridges adopt a dust collection configuration of lateral air intake， which easily causes high-speed airflow to directly scour the filter cartridge surface， resulting in accelerated wear of filter materials and shortened service life. Uneven airflow organization causes local dust accumulation on the filter cartridge， leading to filter cartridge clogging and increased system resistance. To address these problems， baffle plates with different angles are introduced to optimize the uniformity of internal airflow organization in small cyclone tube group-cartridge composite dust collectors.
Methods Using Space Claim software， five models of the small composite dust collector were designed， including one without a baffle plate and four with baffle plate angles of 90°， 95°， 100°， and 105°， respectively， under the condition that the airflow cha-racteristics of the cyclone tube group were not disturbed without increasing the filter chamber size. Computational fluid dynamics software Fluent was adopted to conduct numerical simulation of the dust removal process. The RNG k-ε turbulence model was used to describe the airflow state. Reasonable boundary conditions and grid division schemes were established to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the simulation results. Through simulation， the flow field distribution characteristics， airflow velocity distribution patterns， and pressure variations inside the dust collector at different baffle plate angles were analyzed to determine the effect of the baffle plates on the uniformity of internal airflow organization in the dust collector. Meanwhile， a particulate phase was introduced to analyze the influence of the baffle plates on the dust removal efficiency of the cyclone tube group.
Results and Discussion At baffle angles of 90°， 95°， and 100°， the baffle plates effectively blocked the dispersed lateral intake airflow and solved the problem of airflow scouring on the filter cartridges. The internal airflow velocity in the filter chamber decreased by 75%， significantly improving the uniformity of airflow organization inside the dust collector. When the baffle plate angle increased to 105°， non-uniform airflow organization reappeared in the filter chamber during the dust removal process. Comparing the uniformity of airflow organization at different baffle plate angles， the best uniformity was achieved when the baffle plate angles were 95° and 100°. With the addition of particulate matter， it was found that the baffle plates did not affect the coarse particle separation of the cyclone tube group， demonstrating the feasibility of practical application. Under the condition with baffle plates， the dust removal efficiency was optimal at a baffle plate angle of 100°， reaching 91.855%， which was 0.252%， 0.144%， and 0.446% higher than those at baffle plate angles of 90°， 95°， and 105°， respectively.
Conclusion In the cyclone tube-cartridge composite structure， arranging baffle plates at a proper angle can effectively solve the airflow scouring problem and improve the uniformity of internal airflow organization. However， the baffle plate angle should not be excessively large， as an overly large angle tends to strengthen the airflow guiding effect of the baffle plates， leading to uneven airflow organization within the filter chamber. When the baffle plate angle is set to 100°， the uniformity of internal airflow organization in the filter chamber is optimal without affecting the primary dust removal performance of the cyclone tube group. This angle can serve as the optimal configuration for the small composite dust collector under the conditions of this study.
Keywords： compound dust collector； baffle plate； airflow organization； dust removal efficiency
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