ISSN 1008-5548

CN 37-1316/TU

最新出版

碳氮化钛粉末的制备及应用研究进展

Research progress on preparation and applications of titanium carbonitride powder


刘超12, 董涛12, 张忍12, 龙宁华12, 曾瑞霖12

1. 硬质合金全国重点实验室, 湖南 株洲 412000; 2. 株洲硬质合金集团有限公司, 湖南 株洲 412000


引用格式:

刘超, 董涛, 张忍, 等. 碳氮化钛粉末的制备及应用研究进展[J]. 中国粉体技术, 2026, 32(4): 1-10.

Liu Chao, Dong Tao, Zhang Ren, et al. Research progress on preparation and applications of titanium carbonitride powder[J]. China Powder Science and Technology, 2026, 32(4): 1-10.

DOI:10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2026.04.005

收稿日期: 2025-12-30, 修回日期: 2026-05-21,上线日期: 2026-06-04。

基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目,编号:2022YFB3806702;湖南省科技创新计划项目,编号:2023ZJ1050,2023RC3238,2023RC3240,2024JJ7671。

第一作者:刘超(1986—),男,高级工程师,博士,湖南省青年科技人才、湖湘青年英才,研究方向为高性能硬质合金、特种陶瓷的设计与制备。E-mail:liuchao200800@126.com。

通信作者:

龙宁华(1981—),男,高级工程师,研究方向为高性能硬质合金的设计与制备。E-mail:81355386@qq.com。

曾瑞霖(1986—),男,高级工程师,博士,湖南省青年科技人才、湖湘青年英才,研究方向为超细晶硬质合金和切削工具材料研发工作。E-mail: zengrl@601.cn。


摘要:【目的】深入研究碳氮化钛粉末制备技术,有助于实现碳氮化钛粉末在新能源、生物医学等前沿方向的应用,并可以进一步挖掘其在极端环境下的服役潜力。【研究现状】综述碳氮化钛粉末的理化特性和制备技术,包括机械合金化法、氨解法、碳热还原氮化法和溶胶-凝胶法等,对比分析不同制备技术得到的碳氮化钛粉末的微观形貌、粒径、优缺点等,并总结碳氮化钛粉末在切削工具、耐磨部件、耐腐蚀涂层等领域的应用现状。【结论与展望】碳氮化钛粉末的不同制备方法各有优劣,机械合金化法工艺简单适合批量生产,但易引入杂质且粉体形貌均匀性较差;碳热还原氮化法原料成本低,是最具工业化潜力的制备路线,但合成温度偏高,粉体晶粒容易长大;溶胶-凝胶法可以获得组分均匀、粒径细小的超细粉体,但工艺流程繁琐,易出现粉体团聚,工业放大生产仍存在挑战。碳氮化钛粉末的制备技术近年来也逐步向低成本、纳米化、绿色化方向发展,但普遍处于实验室阶段,需要研发人员开展更深入系统的研究。

关键词:碳氮化钛;机械合金化;碳热还原氮化法

Abstract

Significance In recent years, titanium carbonitride (Ti(C,N))-based cermets have attracted extensive attention due to their combination of metallic and ceramic properties, as well as their excellent wear resistance and chemical stability. The quality of Ti(C,N) powder directly affects the microstructure and properties of Ti(C,N)-based cermets. To better understand the physicochemical properties and preparation techniques of Ti(C,N) powder, this paper reviews and comparatively analyzes different preparation techniques, and summarizes the application fields and current status of Ti(C,N) powder. Finally, the prospects and development trends are discussed.

Progress This paper reviews the physicochemical properties and preparation techniques of Ti(C,N) powder, including mechanical alloying, ammoniation, carbothermal reduction nitridation, and sol-gel synthesis. It specifically describes the microstructure and particle size of Ti(C,N) powder obtained by each preparation technique, and elaborates on the advantages and disadvantages of each technique. The mechanical alloying method features a simple process and can prepare nanoscale powders (<100 nm), making it suitable for laboratory research. However, it is susceptible to impurities and incomplete reactions, which can reduce powder purity. These issues can be mitigated through inert-gas protection or the addition of process control agents (PCA). The carbothermal reduction nitridation method reduces nitriding temperatures but generates pollution and produces lower-purity products. The sol-gel method can produce materials with exceptional purity, fine particle sizes, high hardness, and good thermal conductivity. However, the process is time-consuming, costly, and requires precise parameter control, while toxic organic solvents pose additional risks. The paper also summarizes the current applications of Ti(C,N) powder in fields such as cutting tools, wear-resistant components, and corrosion-resistant coatings.

Conclusions and Prospects Preparation techniques of Ti(C,N) powder have evolved into a variety of mature processes such as mechanical alloying, ammoniation, carbothermal reduction nitridation, sol-gel method, and self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. Each methods have its own advantages and disadvantages. Mechanical alloying method has a simple process and is suitable for mass production, but it is susceptible to impurities and results in poor uniformity of powder morphology. Carbothermal reduction nitridation method is cost-effective and has the greatest industrialization potential, although its high synthesis temperature can lead to abnormal grain growth. The sol-gel method can produce ultrafine powders with uniform composition and fineparticle sizes, but its complicated process, susceptibility to powder agglomeration, and difficulties in industrial scale-up limit broader applications. In recent years, the preparation techniques of Ti(C,N) powder have gradually developed toward low-cost, nanoscale, and environmentally friendly approaches. However, these techniques are generally still at the laboratory stage and require more in-depth and systematic research. Further advances in the preparation techniques of Ti(C,N) powder will facilitate its application in cutting-edge fields such as new energy and biomedicine, while further enhancing its performance under extreme environments.

Keywords:metal ceramic; titanium carbonitride; mechanical alloying; carbothermal reduction and nitridation


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