吴晓晨^1a，朱家斌²，杨娟²，钟文镇^1b，赵珂新^1a，李浩^1b，段广彬^1a

1. 济南大学 a.材料科学与工程学院，b.机械工程学院，山东 济南 250022；2. 山东方亿环保科技有限公司，山东 济南 250022

引用格式：

吴晓晨，朱家斌，杨娟，等.立式袋式除尘器气固流动模拟研究及结构优化［J］.中国粉体技术， 2026，32（6）：1-14.

WU Xiaochen，ZHU Jiabin，YANG Juan，et al.Numerical simulation of gas-solid flow and structural optimization of a vertical bag filter［J］.China Powder Science and Technology，2026，32（6）：1−14.

DOI：10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2026.06.008

收稿日期：2026-02-16，修回日期：2026-05-07，上线日期： 2026-05-12。

基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目，编号：51605192；山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目，编号：2024TSGC0330、2024TSGC0802。

第一作者：吴晓晨（2001—），男，硕士生，研究方向为气固两相流。E-mail：18861607267@163. com。

通信作者：钟文镇（1981—），男，教授，博士，硕士生导师，研究方向为金属成型工艺，粉体工艺与智能装备、气固两相流。E-mail：me_zhongwz@ujn. edu. cn。

段广彬（1983—），男，教授，博士，硕士生导师，研究方向为气固两相流，粉体工程与设备。E-mail：mse＿duangb@ujn. edu. cn。

摘要：【目的】研究立式袋式除尘器（9行×9列）内部气固流动特性，分析流场与颗粒分布均匀性问题，实现结构优化并提升除尘性能。【方法】采用计算流体力学（computational fluid dynamics，CFD）方法建立三维袋式除尘器物理模型，结合标准k-ε湍流模型与离散相模型（discrete phase model，DPM）模拟气固两相流动，并通过对常规结构、渐扩型进风口结构及增设多孔导流板结构的数值模拟对比分析其内部流动与颗粒分布特征。【结果】模拟结果表明：常规结构下颗粒分布极不均衡，第 1 列滤袋颗粒分布占比高达 68. 79%，第 9 列仅为 2. 61%；采用渐扩型进风口优化后，第 1 列占比降至48. 11%；进一步加装导流板后，该比例下降至20. 67%；过滤效率从常规结构的69. 60%逐步提升至渐扩型的75. 79%和加装导流板后的79. 33%，颗粒沉降率也从4. 93%分别提高至5. 45%和7. 12%。【结论】渐扩型进风口与多孔导流板的结构优化可显著改善除尘器内部流场均匀性，促进颗粒在滤袋阵列中的均衡分布，从而有效提升整体过滤效率与颗粒沉降性能。

关键词：立式袋式除尘器； 气固两相流； 数值模拟； 结构优化

Abstract

Objective　The uniformity of airflow and particle distribution inside small vertical bag filters has a significant impact on their dust removal performance and the service life of the filter bags.In traditional structural designs，uneven airflow distribution often leads to excessive particle accumulation on the front filter bags，thereby reducing overall collection efficiency.This study aims to thoroughly investigate the gas-solid two-phase flow characteristics within small vertical bag filters，systematically analyze issues related to the flow field and particle distribution uniformity，and propose structural optimization measures to enhance the

overall performance of the dust removal system.

Methods　A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics（CFD）model of the vertical bag filter was developed to simulate and analyze its internal gas-solid flow.The simulations modeled the two-phase flow using the standard k-εturbulence model and tracked particle motion using the discrete phase model（DPM）.To assess the impact of geometry on flow uniformity，three distinct structural configurations were designed and compared：the baseline conventional design，an optimized design with a

gradually diverging inlet duct，and an improved design incorporating a diverging inlet with a perforated flow distribution baffle.The filter bags were arranged in a 9×9 array within the housing.Simulation boundary conditions，including inlet velocity，outlet pressure，and particle diameter and density，were defined based on typical operational parameters. Transient calculations were performed using a pressure-based solver.Pressure-velocity coupling was handled with the SIMPLE algorithm， and second-order upwind discretization schemes were applied to discretize the momentum and turbulence equations to enhance numerical accuracy.

Results and Discussion　The simulation results clearly demonstrated significant non-uniformity of particle distribution in the conventional filter design.The first column of filter bags bore most of the dust load，capturing 68. 79% of all particles，while the last（ninth）column captured only 2. 61%.This extreme disparity highlighted severe overloading of front-line bags and underutilization of downstream bags.Structural modifications improved this distribution.With a gradually diverging inlet，the particle proportion captured by the first column was reduced to 48. 11%.When combined with a perforated flow-distribution baffle，it was further decreased to 20. 67%，indicating a more even redistribution of dust load towards the rear filter columns.These changes led to directly enhanced system performance.The overall filtration efficiency increased from 69.60%（conventional design）to 75.79%（diverging inlet only），and was further elevated to 79.33% with the combined design（diverging inlet and baffle）.Meanwhile，the particle settling rate in the hopper also improved，rising from 4.93% to 5.45% and then to 7.12% for the respective configurations， reflecting enhanced pre-separation of particles.Flow field analysis explained these improvements.The diverging inlet effectively reduced the velocity and momentum of the incoming jet.The perforated baffle further dissipated flow energy and suppressed direct impingement on the front filter bags，achieving a more uniform velocity across the entire filter array.Furthermore，the baffle was instrumental in weakening large-scale vortex structures and promoting a more even velocity distribution throughout the chamber.This optimized flow pattern resulted in a more balanced particle load distribution across all filter columns and improved filtration efficiency and dust handling capacity.

Conclusion　The improved design incorporating a diverging inlet with a perforated flow distribution baffle minimizes direct impingement of particles on the front filter columns and promotes a more uniform velocity profile across the entire filter array.The baffle suppresses large-scale vortex formation and redirects airflow more evenly， resulting in a substantially more balanced distribution of the dust load among all filter columns.

Keywords：vertical bag filter； gas-solid two-phase flow； numerical simulation； structural optimization

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