闫方强1a，1b，李 博1a，1b，夏 蕊1a，董英伟1a，1b，王学文1a，1b，邵云亮2
1. 太原理工大学 a. 机械工程学院， b. 煤矿综采装备山西省重点实验室，山西 太原 030024；2. 江苏亚星锚链股份有限公司，江苏 泰州 214533
闫方强，李博，夏蕊，等. 片帮落煤堆积对煤破碎及链传动影响的仿真［J］. 中国粉体技术，2026，32（1）：1-11.
YAN Fangqiang， LI Bo， XIA Rui， et al. Simulation study on effects of accumulated rib spalling on coal crushing and chain drive［J］. China Powder Science and Technology，2026，32（1）：1−11
DOI：10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2026.01.006
收稿日期：2025-12-10，修回日期：2025-07-30，上线日期：2025-10-13。
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目，编号：52204149；山西省基础研究计划项目，编号：02103021223080，202203021221051；山西省高等学校教学改革创新项目，编号：J20240344；山西省研究生教育教学改革课题项目，编号：2024JG045。
第一作者简介：闫方强（2001—），男，硕士生，研究方向为现代设计理论。 E-mail：yanfangqiang@163. com。
通信作者简介：李博（1988—），男，副教授，博士，博士生导师，山西省“三晋英才”支持计划青年优秀人才，研究方向为机械装备结构与性能优化。E-mail：libo@tyut. edu. cn。
摘要：【目的】分析片帮落煤冲击作用机制，探讨片帮落煤堆积对煤料破碎及刮板输送机链传动系统动态性能的影响，以实现复杂工况下刮板输送机运行特性的全面评估。【方法】基于离散元法与多体动力学耦合仿真，建立刮板输送机刚散耦合模型；通过模拟不同强度的片帮落煤和下落姿态，探究片帮落煤堆积后煤岩颗粒破碎规律；结合链传动系统的动力学响应，分析刮板及链条张力波动原因。【结果】 片帮落煤强度越低，片帮落煤破碎越严重；在片帮落煤岩体完整性（龟裂）系数为0. 15时，造成系统z方向受力达3 601. 3 N，冲击波动显著；破碎颗粒进入刮板与上下槽帮缝隙，导致x方向受力波动；片帮落煤垂直下落煤料碎裂程度最轻，下落姿态对动力学响应的影响表现为不同方向的冲击程度变化，正常与反转下落造成刮板与链环z方向受力较大；片帮落煤垂直下落冲击中板，会导致链条向两侧扩张，小颗粒破碎后堵塞中板与链环缝隙是引发x方向受力波动的主要原因。【结论】低强度片帮落煤及不对称下落姿态均会显著加剧系统受力波动，研究有助于优化煤矿输送系统设计及降低运维成本。
关键词：片帮落煤堆积；煤料破碎；刮板输送机；链传动系统；耦合仿真
Objective Rib spalling is a sudden and frequent issue in coal mining operations, often caused by the working conditions of the scraper conveyor. It leads to localized bulk material accumulation and impacts the conveyor system. This study investigates the effects of rib spalling on coal bulk material and the dynamic performance of scraper conveyor’s chain drive system. By examining variations in rib spalling strength and the falling posture of crushed material, this study aims to reveal their effects on system forces and stability, providing theoretical support for the design optimization of scraper conveyor.
Methods In this study, a fractured rib spalling model was constructed using the discrete element method (EDEM) to simulate the falling process of crushed coal particles and their interaction with surrounding structures. The scraper conveyor was modeled using the multibody dynamics (MBD) method to capture the dynamic response of the chain drive system under impact loading. Then, a rigid-discrete coupling simulation was performed to simultaneously track bulk fragmentation and the resulting force responses. To represent typical coal wall degradation scenarios, three rib spalling strength levels were simulated using the rock integrity coefficient and a quasi-rock strength estimation method. Three distinct falling postures， including normal, reverse, and vertical falls, were considered to evaluate their influence on contact positions and force transmission. Finally, the integrated models were used to obtain the numbers of crushed particles and key dynamic parameters, such as scraper and chain forces in multiple directions, enabling a quantitative analysis of system behaviors under varying spalling conditions.
Results and Discussion The results showed that lower rib spalling strength led to more severe crushing, with a correlation coefficient of -0. 99 between spalling strength and the number of crushed particles. After impact, scraper forces increased to 874. 5, 1 843. 4, and 692 N, respectively, across the three different spalling strength levels, eventually leading to logging. This was due to the accumulation of fine particles between the scraper and the trough, which caused significant force fluctuations in the z-and x-directions. Among the different falling postures, vertical falls caused the smallest spalling volume. The posture of the falling material mainly influenced the dynamic response through changes in impact direction. Normal and reverse falls caused significant impacts in the z-direction between the scraper and the chain ring. Vertical falls caused impacts on the central plate, leading to chain expansion on both sides and affecting x-direction force transmission. The blockage of the gap between the central plate and chain ring by fine particles generated during crushing was the main cause of x-direction force variation.
Conclusion This study reports the effects of different rib spalling strengths and falling postures on coal bulk crushing and dynamic behavior of the scraper conveyor. It is found that the lower rib spalling strength leads to more severe crushing, with the most significant force responses in the z-direction of the scraper conveyor. Both the position and posture of falling particles affect the stability of the chain drive system by influencing the entry of fine particles into critical components. Specifically, low-strength rib spalling and asymmetric falling postures severely exacerbate force fluctuations in the system. The research results provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the design and operation of scraper conveyor.
Keywords：rib spalling; coal crushing; scraper conveyor; chain drive system; coupling simulation
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