常明， 范怡平， 卢春喜
中国石油大学（北京） 化学工程与环境学院， 北京102249
引用格式：
常明， 范怡平， 卢春喜. 颗粒床-旋流耦合分离器捕集颗粒再生系统优化［J］. 中国粉体技术， 2026， 32（2）： 1-14.
CHANG Ming， FAN Yiping， LU Chunxi. Regeneration system optimization for particles captured in a granular bed-cyclone coupled separator［J］. China Powder Science and Technology， 2026， 32（2）： 1-14.
DOI：10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2026.02.014
收稿日期： 2025-05-23， 修回日期： 2025-07-12，上线日期： 2025-09-12。
基金项目： 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目，编号：22408396。
第一作者简介： 常明（1996—），男，博士后，研究方向为多相流与过程强化。E-mail：changming0223@163.com。
通信作者简介： 卢春喜（1963—），男，教授，博士，博士生导师，研究方向为多相流与过程强化。E-mail：lcx725@sina.com。
摘要： 【目的】 探讨颗粒床-旋流耦合分离器长周期稳定运行，实现内置颗粒床中捕集颗粒的快速、有效循环再生。【方法】 采用大型冷模实验，重点研究在不同尾气循环比条件下，入口气量和入口含尘浓度对耦合分离器性能的影响，进一步改造现有实验装置，分析筛分再生器的分离性能（再生效率、设备压降）及其对耦合分离器分离性能的影响。【结果】 筛分再生器再生效率始终稳定在85%以上；再生尾气的引入能显著提高耦合分离器的分离效率，各工况下捕集效率均超过99.2%，耦合分离器装置出口气流中粉尘中位粒径从1.67 μm减小到0.82~1.04 μm。【结论】 通过对捕集颗粒再生系统优化，可实现废气中颗粒物的高效捕集。
关键词： 颗粒床-旋流耦合分离器； 再生系统； 筛分再生； 尾气回收
Abstract
Objective Efficient removal of solid particulate matter from exhaust gases is crucial for ensuring clean production processes in the energy industry. This study investigates a granular bed-cyclone coupled separator system， which enhances separation performance by integrating centrifugal separation with granular bed filtration. The built-in granular bed effectively captures and filters fine particles （5 μm）， which are difficult to remove using centrifugal force alone. However， these particles tend to clog over time. To ensure long-term stable operation， the granular bed must be regenerated rapidly and effectively to remove the trapped particles. Currently， spouted bed regeneration technology is employed， but issues such as captured particle attrition and secondary pollution from regenerated gas still exist， hindering its industrial application. To address this， riser-spouted bed regeneration technology is adopted to stabilize the pressure drop in the coupled separation system. Nevertheless， this method can still cause secondary emissions of fine particles， resulting in additional environmental concerns.
Methods This paper analyzed the effects of optimization techniques， such as a newly designed screening regenerator and tail gas recirculation， on the performance of a granular bed-cyclone coupled separator system. Large-scale cold-model experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of inlet gas flow rate and dust concentration on separation performance under various exhaust gas recirculation ratios. The research focused on key performance parameters， including pressure drop， overall collection efficiency， outlet particle size distribution， and grade efficiency. A vibrating regenerator was designed and evaluated based on the coupled separation device. Its separation characteristics， including regeneration efficiency and pressure drop performance， in the micro-airflow vibrating regenerator were examined through experiments and compared with those of the conventional spouted regeneration methods. Additionally， the effects of screening regeneration on the overall performance of the coupled separator were further explored.
Results and Discussion The introduction of regenerated exhaust gas significantly enhanced the separation efficiency of the coupled separator， with collection efficiency exceeding 99.2% across all operating conditions. The median particle diameter of dust in the outlet gas stream decreased from 1.67 μm to 0.82~1.04 μm， and the grade efficiency for dust particles smaller than 3 μm was notably improved. At an inlet dust concentration of 14.99 g/m³ and an exhaust gas recirculation ratio of 25%， the coupled separator achieved relatively high collection efficiency. Additionally， fine particles in the recirculated exhaust gas were primarily distributed within the 0.323~1.047 μm range， playing a crucial role in filter cake formation. Among the separated particles， 92% of dust particles larger than 10 μm were captured by the cyclone shell， while the particle size distribution captured by the granular bed varied with the recirculation ratio， primarily ranging from 0.409 to 10.954 μm. The optimal operating conditions for the micro-airflow vibrating regenerator were as follows： Ws=0.69 kg/s， ui=0-0.035 m/s，ρin=7.5~22.5 kg/m³. The experimental results showed that the maximum operating pressure drop of the vibrating regenerator was 80 Pa， much lower than that of the riser-spouted regenerator under similar circulation volume （3 kPa）. Moreover， the efficiency of the vibrating regenerator remained stable at 85% to 95%. Additionally， due to the low gas velocity of the vibrating regenerator， no significant fragmentation of the captured particles occurred during the separation process. Based on the dust particles collection behaviour in the novel regenerator， two key mechanisms were identified： entrainment and screening. In the free-settling space， gas-solid phase countercurrent contact separation was achieved through the entrainment mechanism， while the screening mechanism functioned via interception on the sieve surface. When the regenerative gas velocity was below 0.02 m/s， the screen separation mechanism dominated. Larger dust particles fell into the dust collection tank due to inertial and gravitational forces， contributing 50%~80% to regeneration efficiency. When the regenerative gas velocity exceeded 0.02 m/s， the gas flow entrainment effect intensified， and the contribution rate from this mechanism could reach up to 70.8%. Under the micro-airflow vibrating regeneration mode， the separation efficiency of the coupled separator ranged from 89.9% to 99.6%， and the pressure drop remained relatively stable and nearly unaffected by the changes in regeneration gas velocity. The centrifugal separation performed effectively for dust particles larger than 10 μm， with a separation contribution rate of approximately 90%. The built-in granular bed effectively trapped dust particles within a range of 0.32~10.95 μm.
Conclusion The optimization of the regeneration system， achieved through precise control of key regeneration mechanisms and structural improvements， significantly enhances the particulate matter capture efficiency of the coupled separator. This optimization enables effective interception and separation of particles across varying sizes while maintaining stable processing efficiency under complex operating conditions. It thus provides solid technical support and practical validation for advancing the technology from laboratory research to industrial application， establishing a strong foundation for subsequent large-scale engineering implementation.
Keywords： granular bed-cyclone coupled separator； regeneration system； screening regeneration； exhaust gas recirculation
参考文献（References）
［1］LIU X L， OUYANG W Y， SHU Y L，et al. Incorporating bioaccessibility into health risk assessment of heavy metals in particulate matter originated from different sources of atmospheric pollution［J］. Environmental Pollution， 2019， 254： 1-12.
［2］GÜLEÇ F， MEREDITH W， SUN C， et al. A novel approach to CO2 capture in fluid catalytic cracking-chemical looping combustion［J］. Fuel， 2019， 244： 140-150.
［3］卢春喜， 刘梦溪， 范怡平. 催化裂化反应系统关键装备［M］. 北京： 中国石化出版社， 2019.
LU C X，LIU M X，FAN Y P.Key equipment of catalytic cracking reaction system［M］. Beijng：China Petrochemical Press Co. Ltd， 2019.
［4］SEVILLE J. Gas cleaning in demanding applications［M］. Berlin： Springer， 1997： 32-37.
［5］SMID J， HSIAU S， PENG C， et al. Moving bed filters for hot gas cleanup［J］. Filtration Separation， 2005， 42（6）： 34-37.
［6］SIBANDA V，GREENWOOD R，SEVILLE J. Particle separation from gases using cross-flow filtration［J］. Powder Technology， 2001， 118（1/2）： 193-202.
［7］SIBANDA V， GREENWOOD R， SEVILLE J， et al. Predicting particle segregation in cross-flow gas filtration［J］. Powder Technology， 2010， 203（3）： 419-427.
［8］BASU P. Circulating fluidized bed boilers［M］. Springer International Publishing， 2015.
［9］ALTMAN R， BUCKLEY W， RAY I. Application of wet electrostatic precipitation technology in the utility industry for multiple pollutant control including mercury［C］// Coal GEN Conference， Columbus Ohio. 2003.
［10］KIM S， LEE K. Experimental study of electrostatic precipitator performance and comparison with existing theoretical prediction models［J］. Journal of Electrostatics， 1999， 48（1）： 3-25.
［11］YIN S W， KANG P， HE Y， et al. Experimental study on filtration characteristics of a novel moving granular bed filter［J］. Separation and Purification Technology， 2021， 267： 118624.
［12］KOZOŁUB P， KLIMANEK A， BIAŁECKI R， et al. Numerical simulation of a dense solid particle flow inside a cyclone separator using the hybrid Euler-Lagrange approach［J］. Particuology， 2017， 31： 170-180.
［13］CHANG M， LU D M， GAO S H， et al. Effects of the swirl space ratio on the performance of a coupling cyclone with a built-in granular bed filter： an experimental examination［J］. Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research， 2021.
［14］常明， 高思鸿， 范怡平， 等. 移动床除尘器捕集颗粒喷动再生的主要操作因素［J］. 过程工程学报， 2019， 19（6）： 1153-1159.
CHANG M， GAO S H， FAN Y P， et al. Main operating parameters of the spouting regenerator for the collecting particles of the moving bed filter ［J］. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering， 2019， 19（6）： 1153-1159.
［15］ 张克， 党武京. 颗粒移动床除尘系统喷动再生器的研究［J］. 环境保护， 1994（6）： 6-10.
ZHANG K， DANG W J.Research on the spray regenerator of particle moving bed dust removal system［J］. Environment Protection， 1994（6）： 6-10.
［16］金海安， 王东祥， 俞建峰. 喷动床最小喷动速度的计算颗粒流体力学数值模拟［J］. 轻工机械， 2020， 38（2）： 1-7.
JIN H A， WANG D X， YU J F. Simulation of minimum spouting velocity of spouted bed using computational particle fluid dynamics method［J］. Light Industry Machinery2020， 38（2）： 1-7.
［17］YANG S I， CHUNG I L， WU S R. An experimental study of the influence of temperature on char separation in a moving granular bed［J］. Powder Technology， 2012， 228： 121-127.
［18］CHANG M， FAN Y P， LU C X. Intrusive sampling of dust deposition in a granular bed filter-cyclone coupled separator［J］.Chemical Engineering Science， 2022，260： 117824.
［19］CHANG M， FAN Y P， LU C X. The inner/outer self-cleaning phenomenon in the granular bed filter-cyclone coupled separator［J］. Separation and Purification Technology， 2022， 287： 120460.
［20］常明， 付金壮， 李永祺， 等. 颗粒床-旋流耦合分离器不同操作模式下的性能分析［J］. 过程工程学报， 2022，22（5）：631-639.
CHANG M， FU J Z， LI Y Q， et al.Performance analysis of the granular bed/cyclone coupled separator under different operation modes［J］. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering， 2022， 22（5）： 631-639.
