何 晓^1a，周文娟¹，刘 洋²，段珍华³

1. 北京建筑大学， a. 土木与交通工程学院， b. 北京住房城乡建设部建筑垃圾资源化工程技术创新中心，北京 100044；

2. 丹东市自然资源事务服务中心，辽宁 丹东 118000；3. 同济大学 土木工程学院，上海 200092

何晓，周文娟，刘洋，等 . 石灰和粉煤灰掺量对再生骨料-生土复合材料耐久性能的影响［J］. 中国粉体技术，2025，31

（5）：1-10.

HE Xiao，ZHOU Wenjuan，LIU Yang，et al. Effects of lime and fly ash dosage on durability of recycled aggregate-raw soil composite［J］.China Powder Science and Technology，2025，31（5）：1−10.

摘要:【目的】为了在现代建筑行业中充分发挥生土的作用，在再生骨料、生土中掺入石灰、粉煤灰以改善耐久性能。【方法】设生土、再生细骨料、再生粗骨料的质量分数分别为60%、10%、30%，再掺入石灰、粉煤灰进行化学改性制得再生骨料-生土复合材料；通过耐水、冲刷、干湿循环及冻融循环试验分析再生骨料-生土复合材料的耐水、抗冲刷、抗干湿循环和抗冻融循环性能；采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜对再生骨料-生土复合材料的水化产物和微观形貌进行分析和表征。【结果】 当石灰质量分数为8%、粉煤灰质量分数为14%时，再生骨料-生土复合材料的软化系数最大，耐水性能最好；抗冲刷时间可达到60 min，质量损失率最小，抗冲刷性能最好；干湿循环次数为15时，质量损失率和抗压强度损失率均为最小值，抗干湿循环性能最好；当冻融循环次数为25时，质量损失率小于5%，抗压强度损失率小于25%，最佳冻融循环次数为25。【结论】 石灰的碱性作用激发生土、粉煤灰和再生微粉中的活性物质SiO₂、 Al₂O₃参与水化反应，生成水化硅酸钙（C-S-H）凝胶、水化硅铝酸钙（C-A-S-H）凝胶、氢氧化钙晶体以及钙钒石晶体，填补了再生骨料-生土复合材料内部的裂缝和孔隙，增强了颗粒间的黏结力，提高了再生骨料-生土复合材料的耐久性能。

关键词：再生骨料-生土复合材料；石灰；粉煤灰；耐久性能；微观结构

Abstract  

Objective Raw soil has low strength and poor durability， but it offers advantages such as recyclability， good thermal performance， and ease of construction. The strength and durability of raw soil can be improved through chemical modification by active materials such as cement， gypsum， lime， and fly ash. The strength of raw soil can be improved through physical modification by recycled aggregates made from crushed and screened waste concrete， bricks，etc.Therefore， to fully utilize raw soil in modern construction industry， lime and fly ash are needed to blend into recycled aggregate-raw soil composite to improve durability.

Methods The mass fractions of raw soil， recycled fine aggregates， and recycled coarse aggregates were set at 60%，10%， and  30%， respectively. The mass of water was set to 14% of the total mass of the three raw materials. After mixing the three raw materials， water was added to produce the initial specimen of recycled aggregate-raw soil composite. Chemical modification was carried out by adding different dosages of lime and fly ash，with lime mass fractions set at 6%，7%，7%，8%，and 8%，and fly ash mass fractions set at 12%，12%，13%，13%， and 14%，respectively. Through water resistance， erosion， wet-dry cycling，and freeze-thaw cycling tests，the water resistance，erosion resistance，wet-dry cycling resistance，and freeze-thaw resistance of the recycled aggregate-raw soil composite were analyzed. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the hydration products and microstructure of the recycled aggregate-raw soil composite.

Results and Discussion With the increase in lime and fly ash dosage，the softening coefficient of the specimens increased，and the water resistance was gradually enhanced. When the lime mass fraction was 8% and the fly ash mass fraction was 14%，the recycled aggregate-raw soil composite specimen exhibited the highest softening coefficient and the best water resistance. Its erosion resistance was significantly improved with an erosion resistance time of up to 60 minutes. The specimen had the smallest mass loss rate. After 15 wet-dry cycles， both the mass loss rate and compressive strength loss rate were at their minimum values，showing the best resistance to wet-dry cycles. After 25 freeze-thaw cycles，the mass loss rate of the specimen was less than 5% and the compressive strength loss rate was less than 25%，demonstrating the best freeze-thaw resistance of the recycled aggregate-raw soil composite specimen.

Conclusion The alkaline effect of lime activates the reactive substances（SiO₂，Al₂O₃） in the raw soil， fly ash， and recycled micro powder， participating in the hydration reactions to generate C-S-H gel，C-A-S-H gel，Ca（OH）₂ crystals， and calcium vanadate crystals. These hydration products fill the cracks and pores within the recycled aggregate-raw soil composite， enhancing the adhesion between the particles and improving the durability of the recycled aggregate-raw soil composite.

Keywords：recycled aggregate-raw soil composite； lime； fly ash； durability； microstructure

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