特格希 ,陶 拉,敖 敦,高春光

（内蒙古师范大学 a.化学与环境科学学院 , b.内蒙古自治区绿色催化重点实验室 ,内蒙古呼和浩特 010022）

引用格式 :

特格希 ,陶拉 ,敖敦 ,等.高岭土在水污染物吸附方面的研究进展 [J].中国粉体技术 , 2024, 30(1): 46-55. 

MUSCHIN T, BORJIGIN T, BAI A, et al. Recent advances in kaolin for adsorption of water pollutants [ J]. China Powder Science and Technology, 2024, 30(1): 46-55.

DOI:10.13732 / j.issn.1008-5548.2024.01.005

收稿日期 : 2023-08-18,修回日期 :2023-10-11,上线日期 :2023-11-28。

基金项目 :国家自然科学基金 ,编号 :22061034;内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目 ,编号 :NJZZ21010;大学生创新创业训练计划项目 ,编号 :S202210135020;内蒙古自治区水环境安全协同创新培育中心项目 ,编号:XTCX003。

第一作者简介 : 特格希(1980— ),男( 蒙古族 ), 副研究员 , 博士 , 硕士生导师 , 研究方向为黏土资源综合利用 、水污染物吸附以及多相催化有机合成 。E-mail : tegshi@imnu.edu.cn。

摘要:【目的】为了探索高岭土、无机或有机改性高岭土、复合改性高岭土的特点 ,对它们在水污染物吸附方面的作用进行综述 ,分析改性与否对其功能的影响。【研究现状】总结高岭土、无机和有机改性高岭土、复合材料对水中重金属离子污染物、有机污染物及其他部分无机污染物的吸附性能。【展望】提出高岭土本身的吸附效果和作用不强 ,经有机、无机改性活化后或复合改性后能够提高高岭土对水污染物的吸附性能。认为今后的研究重点应在有效提高高岭土对水污染物吸附性能方面 ,同时应探索低能耗、低成本、工艺简单、环境友好的高岭土改性方案。

关键词:高岭土 ;吸附 ;水污染 ;有机改性 ;无机改性 ;复合改性

Abstract 

Significance Nowadays, the increasing concentration of pollutants in industrial wastewater has caused serious pollution of waterresources, which has affected the daily life and health of human beings. The traditional methods of treating water pollutants aremainly divided into biological treatment, physical treatment and chemical treatment. Among them, the adsorption is the mostwidely used in the physical treatment methods, but the traditional adsorbents are limited by their expensive and difficulty in separating from water. Hence, much attention has been paid to the preparation of a new type of adsorbent that is economical and easyfor solid-liquid separation. Kaolin is a resourceful, cheap and easily available, non-toxic non-metallic mineral clay resource. The chemical formula of its crystals is Al₂O₃·2SiO₂·2H₂O. The application of kaolin has limited in industrial fields such as paper, paint, rubber, ceramics, etc. , while the fields of catalytic and pollutant treatment are still lack of application. In recent years, these materials have attracted the attention of researchers due to its advantages of abundant, cheap and easy availability.

Progress The development on the adsorption of heavy metal pollutants, organic pollutants and other pollutants such as F-in water byraw kaolin, organo-inorganic modified kaolin and composite modified kaolin is summarized. kaolin itself is reported to have certain adsorption and ion-exchange capacity. However, the adsorption efficiency of raw kaolin is unsatisfactory. Therefore,researchers have tried various possible ways to modify kaolin, such as inorganic acid and alkali modification of the raw or calcinedkaolin, organic modification using silane coupling agent, DMSO, etc., and composite modification with organic substances suchas chitosan or alginate, and inorganic substances including titanium oxide and magnetic iron. The results of adsorption performance of water pollutants show that different modification methods can improve the adsorption performance of kaolin on water pollutants. For example, calcination and acid or base treatment can improve the specific surface area of kaolin and enhance its adsorption performance. The composite modification of kaolin to diversify the adsorption sites and effectively improve the adsorptionperformance is a much-studied topic. Researchers have also discussed the adsorption mechanism to different degrees, and most ofthe adsorption isotherms are fitted with the Langmuir model, and most of the adsorption kinetics is consistent with the pseudo-second-order model. 

Conclusions and Prospects The research on the adsorption of kaolin for removal of water pollutants has been gradually developed,with various modification methods. However, there remains a challenge to efficiently improve the adsorption performance of kaolin.More research should be focused on how to improve the adsorption properties of kaolin while exploring low energy consumption, lowcost, simple process, environmentally friendly modification methods that effectively improves the value of kaolin resources.

Keywords:kaolin clay; adsorption; water pollutant; organic modification; inorganic modification; composite modification

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