赵政

（中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司, 重庆 400037）

引用格式：赵政. 基于电迁移特性的呼吸性粉尘荷电分离方法[J]. 中国粉体技术, 2023, 29(4): 150-158.

ZHAO Z. Charge separation method of respirable dust based on electromigration characteristics[J]. China Powder Science and Technology, 2023, 29(4): 150-158.

DOI：10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2023.04.015

收稿日期：2022-11-22，修回日期：2023-05-18，在线出版时间：2023-06-21 17:09。

基金项目：重庆市自然科学基金项目,编号:cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0512;中国煤炭科工集团重点项目,编号:2021-2-TD-ZD009。

第一作者简介：赵政(1983—),男,副研究员,博士,研究方向为粉尘安全仪表及尘肺预警。 E-mail:zhaozheng-724@163.com。

摘要：尘肺病是我国病例数量最多的职业病，且每年以1万例的速度继续新发增长，给社会造成巨大的经济损失和不良影响，其罪魁祸首是呼吸性粉尘。将呼吸 性粉尘从总尘中分离是呼吸性粉尘监测和尘肺病预警的重要前提。为了克服惯性冲击式、淘析式和旋风分离式等传统分离方法存在的频繁维护、二次扬尘等问题，采用理论研究与试验分析相结合的方法，厘清粉尘电迁移率与粉尘粒径的数学关系，建立粉尘荷电分离试验系统，并基于粉尘颗粒的电迁移特性提出一种呼吸性粉尘的荷电分离方法。根据我国煤炭行业标准MT 394—1995《呼吸性粉尘测量仪采样效能测定方法》,试验验证呼吸性粉尘荷电分离方法的分离效能。结果表明：该分离方法无需频繁维护，不会产生二次扬尘；呼吸性粉尘的分离效能与英国医学研究委员会提出的肺部沉积率曲线结果的最大偏差为4.24%,最小偏差为1.27%,均满足行业标准要求。

关键词：尘肺病; 电迁移特性; 呼吸性粉尘; 粉尘荷电分离; 分离效能

Abstract：Pneumoconiosis is the occupational disease with the highest number of cases in China, and continues to occur and grow at a rate of 10 000 annually, causing huge economic losses and adverse effects to society. The main culprit is respiratory dust. Separating respiratory dust from total dust is an important prerequisite for respiratory dust monitoring and early warning of pneumoconiosis. In order to overcome the problems of frequent maintenance and secondary dust raising in traditional separation methods such as inertial impact, elutriation analysis and cyclone separation, the mathematical relationship between dust electromigration rate and dust particle size was clarified by combining theoretical research and experimental analysis, and a dust charge separation test system was established. Based on the electromigration characteristics of dust particles, a charge separation method for respirable dust was proposed. According to MT 394-1995 Measurement Method for Sampling Efficiency of Respiratory Dust Measuring Instruments the separation efficiency of the charged separation method for respiratory dust is experimentally verified. The results show that this separation method does not require frequent maintenance and does not generate secondary dust. The separation efficiency of respiratory dust meets the standard requirements with a maximum deviation of 4.24% and a minimum deviation of 1.27%, compared to the lung sedimentation rate curve proposed by the British Medical Research Council(BMRC).

Keywords：pneumoconiosis; electromigration characteristic; respirable dust; dust charge separation; separation efficiency

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