吴 震^1a,王利强¹,徐立敏²,高伟俊²

(1.江南大学a.机械工程学院,b.江苏省食品先进制造装备技术重点实验室,江苏无锡214122;2.江苏创新包装科技有限公司,江苏扬州225600)

引用格式：吴震,王利强,徐立敏,等.细粉体圆锥料仓振动卸料特性[J].中国粉体技术,2023,29(3)：117-126.

WU Z,WANG L Q,XU L M,et al.Vibration unloading characteristics of fine powder cone silo[J].China Powder Science and Technology,2023,29(3)：117-126.

DOI：10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2023.03.012

收稿日期： 2023-02-14,修回日期：2023-03-27，在线出版时间：2023-04-27 11:55。

基金项目：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金,编号：JUSRP21115;江苏省食品先进制造装备技术重点实验室自主资助基金资助项目,编号：FMZ201902。

第一作者简介：吴震(1998—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为包装工艺与机械。E-mail：wzhen19980718@163.com。

通信作者简介：王利强(1977—),男,教授,博士,博士生导师,研究方向为包装机械。E-mail：wlqcom@163.com。

摘要： 为了研究细粉体在圆锥料仓中的振动卸料特性,以钛白粉、纳米碳酸钙、白炭黑3种不同的细粉体作为物料,在自主搭建的圆锥料仓中进行振动卸料实验。定量研究料位高度、振动强度、振动器位置和出料口直径对细粉体卸料的影响,通过正交实验分析不同因素对质量流率的影响。结果表明：当粉体的料位高度位于下锥体时,随着料位高度的增加,质量流率逐渐增大,当料位高度位于上料仓时,料位高度对卸料的质量流率几乎无影响;粉体的流动性越好,振动卸料的效果也越好;振动强度的增加对质量流率呈现先增大后减小的趋势,卸料的稳定性会随振动强度增加而降低;当振动器位置靠近出料口时的物料质量流率最大,提高振动强度可实现振动器在远离出料口时开始卸料;出料口直径的增加对质量流率呈指数上升;不同的粉体存在不同的临界出料口直径,增加振动强度可以减小粉体的临界出料口直径;影响细粉体振动卸料的因素顺序为振动器位置、出料口直径、振动强度。

关键词： 细粉体;圆锥料仓;振动卸料;质量流率

Abstract：In order to explore the vibration discharge characteristics of fine powders in a conical silo,three different fine powders,titanium dioxide,nano calcium carbonate,and silica,were used as experimental materials to conduct vibration discharge experiments in a self-built conical silo.The effects of material level height,vibration intensity,vibrator position,and outlet diameter on the discharge of fine powders were quantitatively studied.The impact of different factors on mass flow rate was analyzed through orthogonal experiments.The results show that when the material level height of the powder is located at the lower cone,the mass flow rate gradually increases with the increasing of the material level height.When the material level height is located at the upper silo,the material level height has almost no effect on the mass flow rate of the discharged material.The results indicate that the better the flowability of the powder,the better its vibration unloading effect.The increase in vibration intensity has a trend of first increasing and then decreasing in mass flow rate,and the stability of discharge will decrease with the increasing in vibration intensity.When the vibrator is located close to the discharge port,the mass flow rate is maximum,and improving the vibration intensity can achieve discharge when the vibrator is far away from the discharge port.Increasing the diameter of the discharge port exponentially increases the mass flow rate.Different powders have different critical discharge port diameters,and increasing vibration intensity can reduce the critical discharge port diameter of powders.The range analysis shows that the sequence of factors affecting fine powder vibration discharge is：vibrator position,discharge port diameter,and vibration intensity.

Keywords：fine powder;conical silo;vibration discharge;mass flow rate

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