摘 要：在溶液结晶体系中加入适当的添加剂可改变晶体的生长环境, 影响晶体的生长、团聚行为, 从而得到理想的晶形及晶粒尺寸。本研究在化学沉淀法制备碳酸铅的反应体系中加入适量表面活性剂, 通过表面活性剂对晶粒生长和团聚的抑制作用, 制备了疏松的碳酸铅纳米粉体。XRD和TEM分析表明, 反应体系中加入表面活性剂后, 制备的碳酸铅纳米粉体的晶形发生了改变, 纳米碳酸铅颗粒呈球形, 粒度均匀, 为60 nm左右。

关键词：化学沉淀法；表面活性剂；碳酸铅；纳米粉体

Abstract：Crystallization from solution is a complex multi-phase transfer process of heat and mass.Ideal crystal morphology and crystal size may be obtained by putting some additives into the liquid reaction system.PbCO₃ nano-sized particles were prepared by modified chemical precipitation with surfactant added into the reaction system.It was found by XRD and TEM that the crystal morphology of the PbCO₃ nano-sized particles was remarkably changed and the particles were consisted of uniform spherical particles 60 nm in size.

Keywords：chemical precipitation;surfactant;lead carbonate;nano-sized particles