摘 要:详细描述了正硅酸乙酯的水解缩聚反应过程，简要介绍了影 响反应过程的相关因素; 综述了气凝胶和有序介孔 SiO₂ 材料这两种 以该反应为基础的、具有代表性的多孔 SiO₂ 粉体的制备，特别是对 多孔 SiO₂ 微球的制备进行了比较。指出以正硅酸乙酯的水解缩聚反 应为基本过程制得的 SiO₂ 粉体中无序排列的孔是普遍存在的，如在 反应过程中引入模板剂或采用其它手段，无序排列的孔可变为有序 的。 

关键词:正硅酸乙酯；水解缩聚；多孔 SiO₂ 粉体;微球

Abstract: The hydrolysis and condensation reactions of tertraethyl or thosilicate (TEOS) were illustrated in detail.Some factors influencing the reactions were briefly introduced.The preparations of two represen tatives of porous silica powders based on the hydrolysis and condensa tion of TEOS, aerogel and ordered mesoporous silica, were reviewed in the second section. Comparisons among the syntheses of porous silica spheres were made. Finally, it was pointed out that the disordered pores were naturally formed in the powders synthesized by the hydrolysis and condensation of TEOS. If the templates or other means were included in the reaction process, the disorder pores might be ordered. 

Keywords:tetraethy orthosilicate；hydrolysis and condensation；porous silica powders；microsphere