摘要：采用氢氧化钡和四氯化钛作为钡源和钛源,氨水作矿化剂,在200～280℃保温4h条件下合成粒径为60～90nm钛酸钡粉体。TEM、XRD、钡/钛摩尔比(Ba/Ti)和比表面积的测试结果表明,在单一水介质中水热合成钛酸钡晶体的结晶过程遵循“溶解-结晶”机制,存在第II类聚集长大过程。前驱体浓度、合成温度和合成反应时间是影响粉体粒径的重要因素。粉体的Ba/Ti比过低会导致粉体中出现BaCO₃杂质相,且Ba/Ti越低,钛酸钡晶体晶胞膨胀程度越大。

关键词： 水热法；钛酸钡；溶解-结晶；聚集生长

Abstract: The barium titanate power with size 60～90 nm was prepared at 200～280℃×4 h, using barium hydroxide and titanium tetrachloride as the resources of Ba and Ti, ammonia as mineralization reagent. According to the results of TEM, XRD, Ba/Ti (molar ratio) and specific surface area, the crystallization process of barium titanate followed the “dissolution- precipitation”mechanism in the hydrothermal synthesis with single w atermedium that contained a aggregation-growth. The concentration of precursor, reaction temperature and time are the important factors that influence the size of the powder. Low Ba/Ti ratio results in the impurity of BaCO₃  in the powder. The lower the Ba/Ti is, the more the expansion of the BaTiO₃ crystal cell will be. 

Keywords: hydrothermal synthesis; barium titanate; dissolution-precipitation; aggregation-growth