摘要：旨在探讨道路旁悬浮微粒之理化成分,并解析其可能的污染来源。悬浮微粒采样作业于2003年5月～2004年1月期间进行,悬浮微粒样本采集时间包括春、夏、秋、冬四季的假日与非假日,所采集的悬浮微粒样本经化学成分分析可得水溶性离子成分与金属元素成分,并透过化学质量平衡受体模式及逆轨迹模式进行污染源解析。测量结果显示,假日的大气悬浮微粒PM₁₀浓度高于非假日,而假日与非假日的总悬浮颗粒则无明显变化。此外,道路旁悬浮微粒PM₁₀主要受非交通源的长程传输与当地的交通源所影响,而总悬浮颗粒则主要源自于附近道路的车行及逸散扬尘。另就悬浮微粒化学成分而言,金属元素成分以Ca、Fe、Al最多,水溶性离子成分则主要为SO₄^2-、NO₃^-、NH₄⁺等二次污染物。受体模式及逆轨迹模式分析结果得知,污染来源主要为交通污染及道路扬尘,然而,亦有相当部分的污染来自上风处的非交通源。

关键词：大气悬浮微粒；受体模式；污染源解析；传输路径

Abstract：The physicochemical composition and emission sources of suspended particles sampled at roadside was investigated. Suspended particles (total suspended particles (TSP) and PM10) were sampled on the weekend and on weekdays during four consecutive seasons. Water-soluble ionic species and metallic contents of suspended particles were further analyzed and used to identify the emission sources of suspended particles. Field sampling of suspended particles indicated that PM10 concentration on weekends was higher than that on weekdays, while TSP concentration did not vary much between weekdays and weekend. PM10 was contributed from the long-distance transportation of non-traffic pollutants as well as the emissions of local road-traffic sources, while TSP mainly related closely to the emissions of local road-traffic sources. The results from chemical analysis showed that the most abundant metals found in roadside suspended particles were Ca,Fe and Al,while the most abundant ions were SO₄^2-, NO₃^- and NH₄⁺. In addition, both source apportionment and backward tra-jectories indicated that the major sources contributing to suspended particles sampled at roadside were vehicular emissions and fugitive road dust. However, the upwind non-traffic sources also contributed a noticeable portion of roadside suspended particles.

Keywords：suspended particles;receptor model;source apportionment; transportation route