摘要：在由半理想化口腔通道和非对称3级肺气管构成的人体上呼吸道模型中添加软骨环结构,选用k-ω湍流方程,在稳态吸气速率15、30、60L/min下,通过数值模拟方法研究了软骨环对粒子沉淀率的影响。与光滑直管作为气管的上呼吸道模型的模拟结果对比发现,由于软骨环的存在,3种吸气速率下不同大小粒子的沉淀率都显著增加,其中在气管部的增加是主要因素,支气管部次之,而对上游的口咽喉部没有影响。

关键词：软骨环；上呼吸道；气溶胶；沉淀

Abstract：The effects of cartilaginous rings on particle deposition were investigated numerically under three steady flow rates （15， 30， 60 L/min）， using k-ω turbulance equation. The airway model consisted of oral airway and asymmetric tracheobronchial （TB） airway， with 14 cartilaginous rings in trachea. Comparing with the numerical data from a smooth-walled airway model， the total deposition fraction of various particles enhanced significantly in three flow rates. The enhanced regional deposition in trachea was primary relative to the main and lobar bronchi region. The cartilaginous rings appeared to have negligible effect in mouth-throat region. 

Keywords：cartilaginous rings； upper airway； aerosol； deposition fraction