摘要：利用辽宁中部沈阳、鞍山、抚顺和本溪4个城市2006年8月—2007年10月可吸入颗粒物PM₁₀、PM_2.5、PM₁的监测资料及同步气象因子的监测资料,分析了其分布特征、污染水平及其与气象因子的关系。结果表明:受区域天气系统的影响,4个城市PM₁₀、PM_2.5的日均浓度变化趋势基本一致,具有区域分布特征;PM₁₀超标率冬季最高,PM_2.5超标率冬季最高,夏季7月份也较高;PM_2.5日均浓度占PM₁₀日均浓度的比例夏季或冬季最大,春季4、5月份最小;PM₁₀、PM_2.5和PM₁之间有很好的相关性;PM₁₀与风速、温度呈负相关,PM_2.5和PM₁与能见度、风速、温度呈负相关,与相对湿度成正相关。

关键词：可吸入颗粒物；分布特征；污染水平；气象因子

Abstract：The distribution characteristics of the inhalable particles of the particulate matter PM₁₀， PM_2.5 and PM₁， the pollution levels and the relationship with the meteorological factors were analyzed， based on the monitoring data of the PM₁₀， PM_2.5 and PM₁ in the four cities of Shengyang， Anshan， Fushun and Benxi in the central of Liaoning from Aug. 2006 to Oct. 2007. The results showed that the change tendency of the daily mean concentrations of PM₁₀， PM_2.5 and PM₁ in the four cities was basically similar, and showed the regional distribution characteristics， because it was affected by the regional synoptic system. The exceeding standard rate of the PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 were the highest in winter， and the exceeding standard rate of the PM_2.5 was higher in Julyof summer. The ratio of the daily mean concentration of PM_2.5 divided by the daily mean concentration of PM₁₀ was the highest in winter or summer， and was the lowest in April and May in spring. PM₁₀， PM_2.5 and PM₁ were related with each other significantly， the correlations of PM₁₀ with wind speed and temperature were negative， and the correlations of PM_2.5 with the visibility， the wind speed and the temperature were negative， with the relative humidity was positive.

Keywords：inhalable particulate matters； distribution characteristic； pollution levels； meteorological factors