摘要：采用相反转悬浮液体系中不同表面活性剂同步修饰的方法制备超细低熔点金属颗粒,研究阳离子和阴离子表面活性剂对金属颗粒的影响。通过沉降实验观察不同表面活性剂修饰的金属颗粒在水中的分散及稳定性,并采用激光粒度仪、扫描电镜对低熔点金属颗粒的粒径和形貌进行表征分析。结果表明:表面活性剂的种类对制备低熔点金属颗粒有重要的影响,其中阴离子表面活性剂的效果最好。对几种阴离子表面活性剂的研究表明:油酸钠的作用最明显,其浓度大小对低熔点金属颗粒的粒径、形貌和分散效果有显著的作用。采用质量分数为1%的油酸钠水溶液可制备出分散稳定、粒径分布窄和球状的超细低熔点金属颗粒,平均粒径为0.343μm。

关键词： 相反转法；表面修饰；低熔点金属

Abstract： The ultrafine low-melting-point metal particles were prepared by the synchronous modification of surfactants in water-in-metal suspension. The effects of cation and anion surfactants on the metal particles were investigated. The dispersibility of different surfactants functionalized the metal particles in metal-in-water suspension was evaluated with sediment velocity. The analysis of dispersion behavior， particle size and appearance of particles were demonstrated through hydrodynamic size analysis and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The results showed that the surfactant species impacted apparently on the particle size， appearance and dispersion of the metal particles. The anion surfactants were the most effective among them. Moreover， the results of reducing experiments with several anion surfactants indicated that the effect of sodium oleate was the most apparent， the surfactant content impacted apparently on the particle size， appearance and dispersion of the metal particles， and the well-dispersed， narrow size distribution and spherical particles with mean particle size of 0.343 μm were prepared in the sodium oleate whose mass fraction was 1 %. 

Keywords：phase inversion；surface modification；low-melting-point metal