摘要：为研究加水量对水解法合成多孔二氧化硅微球的影响,在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵-正硅酸乙酯-氨水-水体系中,在增加水用量的稀释条件下合成多孔二氧化硅微球,对微球的物质结构、形貌、孔结构等特性进行研究。结果表明:加水量还影响生成的多孔二氧化硅微球的大小、球形度、分散性及孔参数。反应体系未加水时,合成的二氧化硅微球的尺寸较小,球形度不高,比表面积和孔容均很小;增加水的用量对溶液稀释时,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵在水-醇溶液中形成胶束并作为模板,使正硅酸乙酯水解后在其上进行自组装,形成介孔二氧化硅微球。

关键词： 模板；介孔二氧化硅；水解；微球

Abstract：To investigate the influence of the amount of water on the synthesis of porous microspheres via hydrolysis, the porous silica microspheres were synthesized in the cetyltrimethylanmmonium bromide （CTAB）- tetraethyl orthosilicate （TEOS）- ammonia solution - wate r system with increasing water additions. The morphology and pore parameters of the silica microspheres were investigated. The results showed that the amount of water had influence on the size, dispersion, spheroidicity and pore parameters of the silica microspheres. When no water was added， the hydrolysis occured in the mixed solution of ammonia solution and ethanol. The microspheres were small in size， surface area and pore volume， and the silica microspheres were not well - defined in shape. With increasing the water additions， CTAB micelles formed in the water-ethanol solution acted as the template， with which the hydrolyzed silica assembled to form mesoporous silica microspheres. 

Keywords：template；mesoporous silica；hydrolysis；microspheres