摘要：以聚丙烯酸铵作为分散剂,选用行星式球磨为分散手段,通过优化分散工艺参数,得到针对燃烧合成Si₃N₄粉体的最佳分散工艺流程。通过对Si₃N₄粉体分散前后粒径分布和颗粒形貌变化的表征,研究聚丙烯酸铵的用量和球磨时间对Si₃N₄颗粒分散效果的影响。结果表明:当Si₃N₄浆料中固相物质的质量分数为40%时,加入质量分数为0.3%的聚丙烯酸铵,球磨60 min,并通过优化pH值和超声分散时间,可以有效地粉碎硬团聚颗粒,得到悬浮性良好的Si₃N₄浆料。

关键词： 燃烧合成；氮化硅；分散

Abstract： The optimum dispersing process for Si₃N₄ powders prepared by combustion synthesis was obtained with polyacrylate ammonium as dispersing agent using a planetary ball mill. The effects of polyacrtlate ammonium content and milling time on the dispersion of Si₃N₄ particles were discussed by characterizing the size distributions and particle morphologies of Si₃N₄ particles. The results indicated that through planetary ball milling Si₃N₄ slurry whose the mass fraction of solid content was 40% for 60 min using mass fraction of 0.3% polyacrtlate ammonium as dispersing agent， the hard agglomerative particles were effectively broken， and the uniform Si₃N₄ slurry with good suspension was observed. 

Keywords：combustion synthesis； silicon nitride； dispersion