摘要：以三氟氯乙烯、醋酸乙烯酯、叔碳酸乙烯酯为主要原料,制备固相质量分数约为33%,乳胶粒子粒径为151～205 nm的一系列稳定的三元含氟共聚物乳液,并对聚合物结构进行红外光谱表征,通过透射电镜观察乳胶粒子的形态,讨论乳化剂全氟辛酸铵用量、引发剂过硫酸钾用量及反应温度对共聚胶乳粒径的影响和单体配比对乳液最低成膜温度和聚合物玻璃化温度的影响。结果表明,随着全氟辛酸铵用量和过硫酸钾用量增大和反应温度升高,乳液中乳胶粒子的粒径变小;随着过硫酸钾、全氟辛酸铵用量增加,乳胶粒子数量逐渐增加;随着叔碳酸乙烯酯用量的增加,乳液最低成膜温度和聚合物玻璃化温度都变小。

关键词：含氟聚合物；乳液；乳胶粒子

Abstract：The emulsion copolymerization of chlorotrifluoroethylene(CTFE),vinyl acetate(VAc),vinyl ester of versatic acid(VeoVa10) was carried out,forming a serious of stable emulsions with 33% solid in mass fraction and particles in size105²05 nm.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of the copolymers were investigated and a transmission electron microscope was used to observe the shape of latex particles.The influences of emulsifier CF3(CF₂)₆ COONH₄ dosage,initiator K₂S₂O₈ dosage and the reaction temperature on the latex particle size and size distribution were discussed.The influences of different monomer ratio on minimum filming temperature of emulsion and glass transition temperature of polymer film were also studied.The results show that increasing CF3(CF₂)₆ COONH₄ dosage,K₂S₂O₈ dosage and reaction temperature make the size of latex particles small.Increasing CF3(CF₂)₆ COONH₄ dosage,K₂S₂O₈ dosage make the number of latex particles large.Along with the increase of VeoVa10 dosage,minimum filming temperature of emulsion and glass transition temperature of polymer film become lower.

Keywords：chlorotrifluoroethylene；latex；particle size of latex