摘要：采用CuSO₄.5H₂O、Cu(NO₃)₂、(CH₂)6N₄和NaOH为原料,采用沉淀法分别制备纤维状CuO纳米粒子和纺锤状CuO纳米粒子,用透射电镜和X射线衍射仪对产物的大小﹑形貌和组成进行表征;按质量比为9∶1的比例将黑索金分别与纤维状CuO纳米粒子和纺锤状CuO纳米粒子混合,对样品进行热失重测试分析,根据黑索金热分解温度的变化来衡量催化剂的活性。结果表明,采用沉淀法制备CuO纳米粒子时,反应温度、终点pH值对产物形貌有显著影响;不同形貌的CuO纳米粒子对黑索金的分解催化作用效果不同。

关键词：纳米颗粒；形貌；热分解

Abstract：Fibrous CuO nano-particles and spindle CuO nano-particles were prepared by deposition method using CuSO₄.5H₂O、Cu(NO₃)₂、(CH₂)6N₄ and NaOH as raw materials.The particle size,morphology and composition of the products were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and X ray diffraction.Mixed the RDX with fibrous CuO nano-particles and spindle CuO nano-particles respectively by mass ratio 9∶1,the catalytic activity were measured by the change of thermal decomposition temperature of RDX according to the analysis of thermogravimetric test of the samples.The results show that the reaction temperature and final pH value have significant influence on the shape of CuO nano-particles prepared by deposition method.The catalytic effect of CuO nano-particles in different shapes for RDX decomposition is different.

Keywords：nano-particles； morphology；thermal decomposition