摘要：试验测定和对比页岩灰和流化催化裂化三旋灰(FCC三旋灰)的旋风分离器性能,考察入口气速、入口浓度对分离效率和分离器压降的影响。结果表明,在相同操作条件下,同一台旋风分离器上,粒度小于75μm的页岩灰与FCC三旋灰的分离效率和分离器压降曲线差别显著;页岩灰的分离效率与分离器压降都明显低于FCC三旋灰,且入口浓度增大,页岩灰分离器压降的下降幅度高于FCC三旋灰;页岩灰分离效率最高的入口气流速度也低于FCC三旋灰。颗粒特性对旋风分离器的分离性能有明显影响,页岩灰和三旋灰的颗粒特性与形状差别是导致其旋风分离特性不同的一个基本原因;油页岩旋风分离器的设计应当考虑油页岩颗粒特性的影响。

关键词：催化裂化； 旋风分离器；页岩灰；分离性能；颗粒特性

Abstract：To determine and compare the separation performances of shale ash and fluidized-bed catalytic cracking(FCC) fine catalysts in a cyclone separator,contrast experiments were carried out.The effects of inlet velocity and inlet concentration on separation efficiency and pressure drop were examined.It is discovered that there are significant discrepancies between the separation performances of <75 μm shale ash and those of FCC fine catalysts,under the same operating conditions and identical cyclone.Both of the separation efficiency and the pressure drop of shale ash are lower than those of FCC fine catalysts.With the incensement of inlet concentration,the pressure drop declining rate of shale ash separators is larger than that of FCC fine particles.The highest separation efficiency of inlet air velocity for shale ash is also lower than that for FCC fine catalysts.The results show that particle characteristics have obvious effects on separation performances of cyclone separators.The particle characteristics and shape disparity of shale ash and fine catalysts is one fundamental reason leading to different performances of their cyclone separation.The effects of particle characteristics of oil shale should be considered when the cyclone separator of oil shale is designed.

Keywords：fluidized-bed catalytic cracking；cyclone separator；shale ash；separation performance；particle characteristics