摘要：为了使纳米锡粉在乙二醇水溶液中良好稳定地分散,通过直流电弧等离子体蒸发法制备平均粒径为106 nm的纳米锡粉,以十二烷基硫酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、聚乙二醇为分散剂研究纳米锡粉在乙二醇水溶液中的分散性能,分析分散时间、分散剂类型及含量对锡粉分散性能的影响。结果表明,不同分散剂的加入对锡粉颗粒在乙二醇水溶液中的分散稳定性都有所提高,随着超声时间的延长和分散剂浓度的增大,粉体的分散效果先增强后减弱;纳米锡粉在乙二醇水溶液中的最佳分散工艺是加入质量分数为3%的十二烷基硫酸钠,超声时间为60 min。

关键词：直流电弧等离子体；纳米锡粉；表面活性剂；分散稳定性

Abstract：To make tin nano-powders disperse well and steadilyin ethylene glycol aqueous solution,tin nano-powders with average particle size of 106 nm were prepared by direct current arc plasma evaporation method using fabricated apparatus.With sodium dodecyl sulfate,sodium hexametaphosphate,poly(ethylene glycol) as dispersants,dispersing performance of tin nano-powders in aqueous solution of ethylene glycol were researched.Effect of dispersing time,surface active agent type and content on the scattered performance of tin nano-powders was analyzed.The results show that all surfactants promote the dispersion stability of ultrafine powders.With the extending of ultrasonic time and the increase of dispersant concentration,the dispersion effect of tin nano-powders increases at first and then decreases.The best dispersion condition of ultrafine tin nano-powders in aqueous solution of ethylene glycol is confirmed as that adding into sodium dodecyl sulfate with mass fraction of 3% and the ultrasonic time is 60 min.

Keywords：direct current arc plasma;tin nano-powder;surfactant;dispersion stability