摘要：针对脉冲激光雷达在大气探测应用过程中使用目的不明确、数据分析缓慢等现象, 从激光雷达的现状和基础应用中需要解决的关键技术入手, 分析其原理和结构特点, 对其发展现状和实际应用案例进行讨论。结果表明, 微脉冲激光雷达具备低能量、低成本、系统长期工作稳定等特点, 适用于长期、不间断大气颗粒物空间分布的探测;激光雷达在应用中最关键的环节是数据的有效性及质量的控制, 从采集的原始信号, 到进一步反演获取消光系数、颗粒物浓度等参数的计算算法等, 都需要对数据质量进行严格控制, 以确保信息的准确性。

关键词：大气气溶胶；微脉冲激光雷达；大气颗粒物

Abstract：Aim at the phenomena of unclear practical intent and slow data analysis in process of atmospheric detection by micro-pulse lidars, the principle and structure characteristics of the lidars were analyzed and their development status and actual application examples were discussed on the basis of status and key technology of basic applications. It is shown that micro-pulse lidars have the characteristics of low power, low cost, long-term stability, which are suitable for long-term, continuous detection of atmospheric particulate matter. The key links in the application of micro-pulse lidars are to control the validation and quality of data. In order to ensure the accuracy of detection information, the data quality must be strictly controlled in the original signals of sampling and the computing algorithm of further inversion for extinction coefficient, particle concentration, etc.

Keywords：atmospheric aerosol; micro-pulse lidar; particulate matter