摘要：为了提高纳米TiO₂的稳定性,以TiCl₄为前驱体,采用水解沉淀法在石棉尾矿酸浸渣表面负载纳米TiO₂,制备纳米TiO₂-石棉尾矿酸浸渣复合材料,并以罗丹明B为模拟降解物,研究水与酸浸渣质量比、反应液pH、反应时间等因素对复合材料光催化性能的影响,采用X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜对复合材料进行表征。结果表明:在水与石棉尾矿酸浸渣的质量比为30∶1,pH为6,反应时间为1.5 h的优化条件下制备的复合材料,经800℃煅烧2 h后对罗丹明B的降解率为90.5%;复合材料呈现疏松多孔的松散形态,复合材料中纳米TiO₂的平均晶粒度为20.9 nm。

关键词：纳米TiO₂；石棉尾矿；酸浸渣；光催化

Abstract: To improve the stability of TiO₂ nano-particles， using the acid leaching residue of asbestos tailings as the carrier and TiCl₄ as the precursor， the nano-sized TiO₂-acid leaching residue of asbestos tailings composites were prepared by the method of hydrolysis deposition. The effects of mass ratio of water and acid leaching residue， pH value of the reaction solution and reaction time on the photocatalytic activity of the composites were investigated through the degradation of rhodamine B. The composites were characterized by means of XRD and SEM. The results indicate that the optimal conditions are obtained that the mass ratio of water and acid leaching residue is 30:1， pH is 6 and reaction time is 3 h. Under the optimal conditions， the degradation rate of rhodamine B is 90.5% by the composites after being calcined at 800 ℃ for 2 h. The composites show loose and porous morphology and the average grain size of TiO₂nano-particles is 20.9 nm. 

Keywords: TiO₂ nano-particles; asbestos tailings; acid leaching residue; photocatalysis