摘要：以硫酸镍为主盐、水合肼为还原剂,添加诱导剂次亚磷酸钠,利用液相还原法制得纳米镍粉;采用扫描电子显微镜、光电子能谱仪、X射线衍射仪分别对纳米镍粒子的微观形貌、组分、物相结构进行表征,研究硫酸镍与水合肼的配比、诱导剂含量对纳米镍粒子的形貌及晶格参数的影响。结果表明:纳米镍粒子粒径随硫酸镍与水合肼物质的量比的增大而增大,当两者物质的量比大于1∶2时,镍、磷原子共沉积过程占主导,影响镍原子有效形核;增加诱导剂的浓度至0.4 mol/L,纳米镍粒子的晶格发生畸变,形成非晶结构。

关键词：液相还原；纳米镍粉；诱导剂；非晶结构

Abstract： To prepare nickel nano-particles，the reduction process of liquid phase with NiSO₄ as main salt，N₂H₄·H₂O as reductant， NaH₂PO₂·H₂O as inducer was used. The micro-morphology， component and functional structure of the nickel nano-particles were characterized with scanning electron microscope（SEM）， energy dispersive spectrometry （EDS） and X ray diffraction (XRD). The effects of raw molar ratio n(NiSO₄):n(N₂H₄· H₂O)，inducer on the micro-morphologies and lattice parameters of the nickel nano-particles were studied. The results show that particle sizes of the powders increase with increasing raw molar ratio n (NiSO₄):n (N₂H₄·H₂O). When the raw molar ratio excesses 1:2， the reaction is controlled by simultaneously depositing process of Ni -P nano-particles， which can inhabits the nucleation of nickel particles. The lattice distortion aggravates to form amorphous nickel nano-particles with increasing inducer contention to 0.4 mol/L. 

Keywords: reduction process of liquid phase； nickel nano-particles； inducer； amorphism