摘要：以云南某公司胶磷矿粉作为原材料,采用微晶化加工方法对磷矿粉进行处理,并进行农业大田施肥试验;通过持续观测施肥后土壤径流中的氮、磷元素含量,重点分析施用微晶化磷矿粉的减排效果。结果表明:经过微晶化处理,磷矿粉的粒度减小,比表面积增大,同时内部晶格结构发生畸变,活化能增大,磷元素的释放效率提高了10倍以上;施用微晶化磷矿粉可以使大田中磷元素流失减少60%左右,同时氮元素流失减少20%左右。

关键词：微晶化磷矿粉；枸溶率；磷流失；农业面源污染

Abstract： The phosphate rock powders provided by a company in Yunnan were used as raw materials. The phosphate rock powders were treated by the method of microcrystalline process. The experiment of agricultural field fertilization was conducted. Through a continuous observation of nitrogen and phosphorus content in fertilizing soil runoff， the reduction effect of microcrystalline phosphate rock powders was emphatically analyzed. The results show that the grain size of phosphate rock powders decreases and the specific surface area of the powders increases after microcrystalline process. The internal lattice structure of phosphate particles is distorted and the activation energy increases， so that the release efficiency of microcrystalline phosphate rock powders is improved about 10 times. The phosphorus loss and nitrogen loss of those fields which are applied with the microcrystalline phosphate rock powders reduce about 60% and 20% respectively compared with the traditional one. 

Keywords: microcrystalline phosphate rock powder； citrate soluble rate； phosphorus loss； agricultural non-point source pollution