摘要：为了研究燃煤与垃圾焚烧飞灰中细颗粒物PM_2.5所含重金属元素Cu、Zn、Ni、Cr、Pb和Sn的分布特征及潜在风险,利用再悬浮技术采集样品,采用等离子体发射光谱仪与石墨炉检测样品中重金属元素的含量,分别利用富集因子与Hakanson潜在风险指数进行风险评价。结果表明:燃煤飞灰中PM_2.5的重金属元素按含量由大到小的顺序为Zn、Pb、Cr、Cu、Ni、Sn,垃圾焚烧飞灰中PM_2.5的重金属元素按含量由大到小的顺序为Zn、Pb、Cr、Cu、Sn、Ni;垃圾焚烧过程中的重金属元素富集程度高于燃煤焚烧过程中的;燃煤飞灰中PM_2.5的重金属元素含量相对较小,潜在风险较低;垃圾焚烧飞灰中PM_2.5的重金属元素含量非常大,潜在风险极高。

关键词：飞灰；细颗粒物 PM_2.5；重金属元素；潜在风险

Abstract：To study the distribution characteristics and potential risk of heavy metal elements such as Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb and Sn of fine particulate matter PM_2.5 in fly ash origin from coal and waste incineration,the samples were collected by resuspension technology. The contents of heavy metal elements in samples were determined by ICP and GFAAS.The risks were assessed respectively by the enrichment factor and Hakanson potential risk index. The results show that the order from large to small of heavy metal elements contents of PM_2.5 in fly ash origin from coal incineration is Zn, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni and Sn. The order from large to small of heavy metal elements contents of PM_2.5 in fly ash origin from waste incineration is Zn, Pb, Cr, Cu, Sn and Ni. The enrichment degree of heavy metal elements caused by waste incineration is higher than that caused by coal incineration. The heavy metal elements contents of PM_2.5 in fly ash origin from coal incineration are relatively small, and their potential risk is low. The heavy metal elements contents of PM_2.5 in fly ash origin from waste incineration are very large, and their potential risk is extremely high.

Keywords: fly ash；fine particulate matter PM_2.5；heavy metal element；potential risk