摘要：以焦磷酸钠为分散剂,采用基于超声波辅助处理的自然沉降湿法提纯工艺,对低品位钙基膨润土进行提纯;探索分散剂浓度、超声作用时间、超声功率、搅拌时间、搅拌温度、搅拌转速对提纯纯度的影响,并利用X射线衍射分析对膨润土原矿及提纯膨润土进行表征。结果表明:超声功率和超声时间对膨润土提纯影响显著,分散剂浓度和搅拌时间对膨润土提纯影响较小;在最佳工艺条件下,提纯后的膨润土中蒙脱石质量分数从59.71%增大为99%,回收率达到81.33%,吸蓝量从0.263 9 g/g增大为0.441 9 g/g,膨胀容从5 mL/g增大为14 mL/g。

关键词：膨润土；提纯；超声波；自然沉降

Abstract：Taking sodium phrophosphate as a dispersant, the low grade Ca-bentonite was purified by the free settling technology based on assistant treatment of ultrasonic wave. The effect of dispersant concentration,ultrasonic time, ultrasonic power, agitating time, agitating temperature,agitating rate on the content of bentonite was determined. The raw bentonite and purified bentonite were characterized by XRD. The results show that the ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time have significant effect on purification of bentonite, and the dispersant concentration and agitating time have little effect on purification of bentonite. With the best condition for purification, the content of montmorillonite increases from 59.71% to 99%, the recovery rate reaches 81.33%, the methylene blue adsorption increases from 0.263 9 g/g to 0.441 9 g/g, and the swelling index increases from 5 mL/g to 14 mL/g.

Keywords: bentonite；purification；ultrasonic wave；free settling