摘要：为了制得残余碳含量较小的活化煤矸石,研究煤矸石在不同温度时煅烧的活化情况,以白度为指标评价残余碳含量,利用三因素三水平正交实验对加碱煅烧活化工艺进行优化,并采用X射线衍射、红外光谱、热重-差热分析、透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜及合成4A沸石对煤矸石的活化情况进行表征。结果表明,当优化工艺条件是煅烧温度为800℃、煅烧时间为2 h、NaOH与煤矸石的质量比为1.5∶1.0时,活化煤矸石样品的白度最大,并且通过其合成的4A沸石是合格的,说明该条件下活化的煤矸石具有良好的活性。

关键词：活化煤矸石；煅烧工艺；残余碳

Abstract：To prepare the activated coal gangue with small content of remnant carbon, the activation of coal gangue calcined at different temperatures was researched. Taking the whiteness as an evaluation criteria of remnant carbon content, the orthogonality experiment with three factors and three levels was performed to explore the best work condition of alkali activated calcining technology. The activation of coal gangue was characterized by XRD, IR, TG-DTA, TEM, SEM and synthesized 4A zeolite. The results show that when the best experiment conditions are that the calcination temperature is 800 ℃, calcination time is 2 h, and mass ratio of NaOH to coal gangue is 1.5:1.0, the sample of activated coal gangue has the greatest whiteness. The 4A zeolite synthesized by the sample is qualified, which illustrates that the coal gangue activated under the condition has good activity.

Keywords: activated coal gangue；calcining technology；remnant carbon