摘要：为了得到高品质的4A沸石,以加碱煅烧活化的煤矸石为原料,通过水热合成法制得4A沸石;采用X射线衍射(XRD)图谱检测、透射电镜(TEM)图像、钙离子交换量和白度测定以及红外光谱检测等表征手段对产品进行分析,研究不同液固比(反应物中水和活化煤矸石的质量比)对合成4A沸石结晶、形态、钙离子交换能力、白度以及产物结构的影响。结果表明,在60℃老化2 h,90℃晶化40 min条件下,液固比为8时,可制得高品质4A沸石,此时产物结晶度较高,晶体形貌较好,钙离子交换量可达到322 mg/g(以CaCO₃计)。

关键词：4A 沸石；碱熔煤矸石；水热合成；液固比

Abstract：In order to prepare 4A zeolites with better quality and higher Ca²⁺exchange capacity, the alkali calcined gangue was used as raw material to synthesize 4A zeolite by a hydrothermal method. The product was gained after filtering, washing, and drying, and it was characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscope(TEM), Ca²⁺exchange capacity,white, FT-IR to study the influence of different liquid-solid ratio(the ratio of water to activated coal-gangue in the reaction) on the appearance, crystallinity, Ca²⁺exchange capacity, white of the 4A zeolites. The result shows that the better 4A zeolite with higher crystallinity, better crystal morphology and Ca²⁺exchange capacity of 322 mg/g(CaCO₃ was used as criterion) can be synthesized with the liquid-solid ratio being 8 when they are aged 2 h at 60 ℃and crystallized 40 min at 90 ℃.

Keywords: 4A zeolite；alkali calcined gangue；hydrothermal method；liquid-solid ratio