摘要：采用离散元方法,研究高径比对库侧卸料筒仓的物料流动方式和仓壁侧压力分布规律的影响;采用仓内储料为直径6 mm的玻璃球,离散元模拟结果与筒仓试验的卸料时间、侧压力分布、卸料速度以及流动方式等基本一致,验证了离散元模型的准确性。模拟结果表明:高径比对仓内物料的流动规律和卸料速度有较大影响,高径较小时仓内物料为管状流动,随着高径比增大,流动通道扩展到筒仓全部横断面,形成整体流动,卸料速度增大;流动通道内物料对仓壁侧压力的分布规律不受高径比影响,沿高度均呈抛物线状分布,且低于静止区域处侧压力。

关键词：库侧卸料；离散元；高径比；侧压力；流动规律。

Abstract：Effects of height to radius ratio on flow pattern and horizontal pressure in a silo filled with 6 mm glass beads discharged from wall outlet were investigated through discrete element method(DEM). The discharge time, horizontal pressure, discharge ratio and flow pattern obtained from DEM and test agreed well. Simulation results show that height to radius ratio greatly affects flow pattern and discharge speed. Funnel flow occurs in silos with low height to radius ratio. With the increase in height to radius ratio, the flow channel expands to the whole section of silo and the flow pattern becomes mass flow. The corresponding discharge speed increases apparently. The height to radius ratio has no influences on distribution of horizontal pressure in the flow channel, which follows a parabolic curve along silo height and is lower than that in static state.

Keywords: wall outlet discharge；discrete element method；height to radius ratio；wall horizontal pressure；flow pattern