摘要：针对聚烯烃、聚酯粉体物料在风送、包装过程中静电高能放电造成料仓闪爆、静电打火问题, 总结了国内外粉体料仓静电防控技术与装备研究及应用情况;根据料仓装置特点, 从料仓静电放电、可燃气体两方面分析料仓装置静电引燃危险性;分析了料仓工艺操作、反吹风系统设置、管道粉体静电监测、管道粉体静电消除和包装粉体静电控制技术与装备研究与应用现状, 阐明了石化料仓企业需加强安全管理, 落实与优化控制料仓粉体静电的关键和重要措施。

关键词：料仓安全；静电放电；最小点火能；粉尘燃爆；静电监测；静电消除

Abstract：Aiming at the problem of preventing or mitigating spark and explosion due to electrostatic discharge during the loading and packaging of charged granules and/or fine powders in a polyolefin or polyester silo, the research and application of electrostatic control technology were summarized. According to the characteristics of the silo device, the ignition risk caused by electrostatic discharge and flammable gases or gas mixtures inside a metal silo was analyzed. The development of the technologies of different processing operations, counter-blower system, electrostatic monitoring system and electrostatic ionizer were summarized to prevent industrial accidents of dust explosions and fires in a silo caused by electrostatic discharge. It is expected that the petrochemical silo enterprise will strengthen safety management, and optimize the key measures to control the static electricity inside the silo.

Keywords：silo safety；electrostatic discharge；MIE；dust explosion；electrostatic monitoring system；electrostatic elimination