摘要：利用2015—2016年中国大陆区域Terra卫星的MODIS3 km AOD产品与空气质量监测站的PM2.5资料, 将AOD与PM2.5小时质量浓度数据进行匹配, 按多种时空划分方式将总匹配样本划分为不同集合, 对比不同集合内样本的相关系数, 分析AOD与PM2.5相关性的时间和空间变化。结果表明, 总样本集合AOD与PM2.5的相关系数为0.40;中国区域春、夏、秋、冬4个季节的样本集合, 相关系数分别为0.49、0.53、0.48、0.36;1 497个站点的2年样本集合, 有906个站点的相关系数可以通过0.05水平的显著性检验, 最大值为0.92, 最小值为0.17, 均值为0.44;1 497个站点的不同季节的样本集合, 春、夏、秋、冬相关性显著的站点比例分别为43.9%、51.3%、39.8%、10.1%, 夏季的显著性站点数量最多、分布地域最广, 且相关系数均值较高。表明在中国地区, 虽然在总体上可以有效利用MODIS 3 km AOD反演PM2.5小时质量浓度, 但反演的有效性存在明显的时间和空间差异。
关键词：气溶胶光学厚度；细颗粒物；小时质量浓度；相关性
Abstract：Using MODIS 3 km AOD products from satellite Terra and mass concentrations of PM2.5 in air quality monitoring stations over the mainland China from 2015 to 2016, the AOD and PM2.5 hourly mass concentration data were matched and the total matching samples were divided into different sets. By comparing the correlation coefficients of the samples in different sets, the temporal and spatial changes of the correlation between AOD and PM2.5 were analyzed. The results show that the correlation coefficient between AOD and PM2.5 is 0.40 for the overall sample set within two years in China, and the correlation are 0.49, 0.53, 0.48 and 0.36 for the sample sets of spring, summer, autumn and winter in China, respectively. For the 2-year sample set of each of the 1497 sites, the correlation coefficient of 906 sites can pass the significance test of 0.05 level, the maximum value is 0.92, the minimum value is 0.17, and the mean value is 0.44. For 1 497 sites in different seasons, the proportion of sites with significant correlations in spring, summer, autumn and winter are 43.9%, 51.3%, 39.8% and 10.1%, respectively. The number of significant sites in summer is the largest with the largest geographical distribution and the mean of correlation coefficients is high. It is indicated that in China, although the MODIS 3 km AOD can be effectively used to retrieve PM2.5 hourly mass concentration, the effectiveness of the inversion has obvious time and spatial difference.
Keywords：aerosol optical depth；particulate matter；hourly mass concentration；correlation
