摘要: 以 4 种不同产地的蒙脱石原矿为原料，制备不同价态 6 种金属层间阳离子的蒙脱石及其悬浮液，研究层间阳离子对蒙脱石的结构、形貌、Zeta 电位、分散状态和凝胶性能的影响，以及各影响因素之间的关系。结果表明: 蒙脱石原料产地对蒙脱石凝胶性能的影响不大; 低价态层间阳离子的蒙脱石的水合离子半径较大，Zeta 电位值高，悬浮液的分散性越好，黏度值大，凝胶性能好; 对于同价态的阳离子的蒙脱石，其水合离子半径越大，凝胶性能越好。

关键词: 蒙脱石；层间阳离子；凝胶性能

Abstract: The calcium-based montmorillonite ore from four different origins were used as raw material to carry out interlayer cation exchange with six different valence metal cations to prepare montmorillonite and its suspension．The effects of different valence interlayer cations on the structure，appearance，Zeta potential，dispersion state and gel performance of montmorillonite were studied．The results show that the montmorillonite raw material have little effect on the gel performance of montmorillonite．The hydrated ionic radius of montmorillonite with low-cost interlayer cations is larger，the Zeta potential value is higher and the dispersion of the suspension is better．The viscosity value is larger，the gel performance is better．For the cation smectite with same valence state，the larger its hydrated ionic radius is，the better its gel performance is．

Keywords: Montmorillonite; interlayer cation; gel performance