摘要：为了消除核废料产生的碘蒸气对环境和人体的重大危害,采用高温水热合成法制备一种含碳、银、铜的纳米金属氧化物复合材料(记为Ag-Cu-MOC);分析银、铜掺量对碘蒸气吸附量的影响,确定获得最佳吸附量时银、铜的物质的量的比值;对制备的材料进行SEM、EDS、XRD、XPS、TG-DSC、FTIR和BET的测试和表征,研究Ag-Cu-MOC的吸附性能和吸附机理,通过吸附-脱附再生实验和烧结实验研究吸附碘蒸气后Ag-Cu-MOC的后处理问题。结果表明:当n(Ag)∶n(Cu)=1∶6时,Ag-Cu-MOC对碘蒸气的吸附量最大,达到1 735. 3 mg/g;Ag-Cu-MOC为介孔材料,良好的结构分散性有助于对碘蒸气的吸附;吸附过程同时存在物理吸附和化学吸附,Ag-Cu-MOC含量随温度的升高而减小;通过无水乙醇可脱附所吸附的碘,实现吸附材料的循环利用;向完成吸附作用后的Ag-Cu-MOC中加入铁粉和氧化硼进行烧结,碘被封闭于黑色玻璃状物中以防止泄露,最大限度地减小了对环境的污染。
关键词：碘；高温水热合成法；纳米金属氧化物复合材料；吸附性能
Abstract: In order to eliminate the serious harm to the environment and human body caused by iodine vapor from nuclear waste，a nano-metal oxide composite containing carbon，silver and copper ( denoted as Ag－Cu－MOC) was prepared by high temperature hydrothermal synthesis method．The influence of the doping amount of silver and copper on the adsorption amount of iodine vapor was analyzed，and the ratio of the amount of silver and copper with the optimal adsorption amount was determined．The prepared materials were tested and characterized by SEM，EDS，XＲD，XPS，TG－DSC，FTIＲ and BET．The adsorption properties and adsorption mechanism of Ag－Cu－MOC were studied．The post-treatment of Ag－Cu－MOC after adsorption of iodine vapor was studied by adsorption－desorption regeneration experiment and sintering experiment．The results show that the adsorption capacity of Ag－Cu－MOC on iodine vapor is the largest when n( Ag)∶n( Cu) is 1∶ 6，reaching 1 735．3 mg /g．Ag－Cu－MOC is a mesoporous materialand good structural dispersion is conducive to the adsorption of iodine vapor．There are both physical and chemical adsorption in the adsorption process．The mass fraction of Ag－Cu－MOC decreases with the increase of temperature．The adsorption material can be recycled by anhydrous ethanol．After the adsorption of Ag－Cu－MOC，iron powder and boron oxide are added for sintering，and iodine is sealed in black glass to prevent leakage，which can minimize pollution to the environment．
Keywords: iodide; high temperature hydrothermal synthesis method; nano-metal oxide composite; adsorption property
