摘要：以天然钠基蒙脱石为原料,按n(总金属阳离子)/m(蒙脱石)=10 mmol/g的比例制备出Fe-Al、Cr-Al和La-Al柱撑蒙脱石;采用化学元素分析、X射线衍射分析、红外光谱分析等手段对柱撑蒙脱石进行表征;并研究3种柱撑蒙脱石对水中Cu²⁺离子的吸附性能及其影响因素。结果表明:Cr-Al柱撑蒙脱石层间距d(001)由原矿的12.406 1 nm增大到19.764 9 nm,柱撑效果优于Fe-Al和La-Al柱撑蒙脱石,Cr-Al柱撑蒙脱石在60℃、pH值为6、时间为12 h的条件下,使用12.0 g/L的添加量吸附Cu²⁺离子,去除率最高,吸附效果优于Fe-Al和La-Al柱撑蒙脱石。

关键词：柱撑剂；柱撑蒙脱石；吸附特性

Abstract: Fe－Al，Cr－Al and La－Al pillared montmorillonites were prepared from natural Na-montmorillonite in the proportion of n ( total metal cations) /m ( montmorillonite) = 10 mmol /g，and characterized by means of chemical element analysis，X-ray diffraction analysis，infrared spectrum analysis，etc．then，the adsorption properties and influencing factors of each pillared montmorillonite to Cu²⁺ heavy metal ions in water were studied．The results show that the interlayer spacing d(001) of Cr－Al pillared montmorillonite increases from 12．406 1 nm to 19．764 9 nm，and the pillared effect is better than that of Fe－Al and La－Al pillared montmorillonite． At 60 ℃，pH = 6，and 12 h of reaction time，the removal rate of Cu²⁺ ion is the highest when the amount of 12．0 g /L is added，and the adsorption effect of Cr －Al pillared montmorillonite is better than that of Fe－Al and La－Al pillared montmorillonite． 

Keywords: pillared agent; pillared montmorillonite; adsorption properties