张 爽¹,丁欣欣²,闫良国¹

（1. 济南大学 水利与环境学院，山东 济南 250022;2. 山东申英环保科技有限公司，山东 济南 250100）

DOI：10.13732/j.issn.1008-5548.2021.01.001

收稿日期：2020-03-30，修回日期：2020-05-29，在线出版时间：2020-06-18 08:57。

基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目，编号:21577048。

第一作者简介：张爽(1998—)，女，硕士研究生，研究方向为水污染控制技术。E-mail:zhangshuang0107@163.com。

通信作者简介：闫良国(1971—)，男，博士,教授,博士生导师，研究方向为环境功能材料。E-mail:chm_yanlg@ujn.edu.cn。

摘要：水滑石和类水滑石及其插层材料统称为水滑石类材料(layered double hydroxides,LDHs)。在分析层状结构的基础上，综述改性LDHs的制备方法及其在废水处理中的吸附去除性能应用进展。制备改性LDHs主要有共沉淀法、水热及溶剂热法、离子交换法和焙烧复原法。共沉淀法工艺简单，条件易控，合成周期短;水热及溶剂热法产品粒子纯度高，晶形可控，生产成本低;离子交换法反应时间短，通过在层间容纳不同的阴离子调整LDHs性能并保持层状结构;焙烧复原法利用“记忆效应”实现LDHs重复利用;磁性LDHs具有超顺磁性，可快速回收固体吸附剂。改性LDHs的阴离子交换容量高，热稳定性良好，比表面积大，可以有效吸附去除废水中的重金属离子、有机污染物和无机阴离子。改性LDHs可广泛应用于催化、吸附、医药、阻燃、离子交换等领域。

关键词：水滑石类材料；改性；吸附去除；废水处理

Abstract：Hydrotalcite,hydrotalcite-like compounds and intercalated hydrotalcite are called layered double hydroxides (LDHs).Based on the analysis of their layered structure,the preparation method of modified LDHs and their application progress in wastewater treatment were reviewed. The preparation of modified LDHs mainly includes coprecipitation method,hydrothermal and solvothermal method,ion exchange method and calcination recovery method. The coprecipitation process is simple,the condition is easy to control and the synthesis cycle is short. Hydrothermal and solvothermal products have high particle purity,controllable crystal shape and low production cost. The reaction time of the ion-exchange method is short,and the LDHs performance is adjusted and the layered structure is maintained by accommodating different anions between layers. The method of calcination recovery uses“memory effect”to realize the reuse of LDHs. Magnetic LDHs has superparamagnetism,which can quickly recover the solid adsorbent. Modified LDHs have high anion exchange capacity,good thermal stability and large specific surface area,which can effectively adsorb and remove heavy metal ions,organic pollutants and inorganic anions in wastewater. Modified LDHs can be widely used in catalysis,adsorption,medicine,flame retardant,ion exchange and other fields.

Keywords：layered double hydroxides; modification; adsorption and removal; wastewater treatment

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